E

｜ ex, ec ｜ 外、离开

311 eccentric []古怪的；反常的；离开中心的

源 ec- = ex- = out外 + centric = centre中心 → 离开中心 → 反常的。

句 You have been eccentric for the past month. Is there anything wrong?你过去一个月都怪怪的，发生什么事了吗？

312 eclectic []折中的

综 记住这个单词的拼写是：ec + lec + tic，有三个 c。eclectic 应与 elective（选举的；选修的）区别（源自 election）。

句 His paintings display an eclectic style of primitive and modern art.他的画作展现原始艺术与现代艺术的折中风格。

｜ eco ｜ 生态

313 ecology []生态学

源 eco- = house居所 + -ology = subject学科 → 研究生物居住地的学科 → 生态学。economics（经济学）也属同源词。

句 I love studying ecology because the relations between human beings and other animals are fascinating.我喜欢研究生态学，因为人与其他动物之间的关系非常有趣。

｜ e ｜ 外

314 edict []官方命令；布告

源 e- = out外 + dict = say说 → 向外说出 → 布告。

句 The king issued an edict to drive out all the foreigners from his kingdom.国王颁布禁令驱逐境内所有外国人。

｜ edis ｜ 神殿

315 edification []教导；教化；启发

综 源自 edify（教化；训诲；启发）。想象 Eddy 这个年轻人桀骜不驯，需要教化一番。

助 Eddy needs to be edified.（埃迪需要被教化。）

句 For my edification, my parents bought a lot of books for me to read. 为了我的教育，爸妈买很多书给我看。

｜ ef ｜ 外

316 efface []擦去；抹去

源 ef- = out外面 + face 表面 → 把表面除去 → 抹去。

句 I could never efface the image of my mother lying on her deathbed.妈妈临终前的模样是我脑海中不可磨灭的印象。

｜ e ｜ 外

317 egregious []非常坏的；令人震惊的；惊世骇俗的

源 源自gregarious（群居的）。gregarious在词源上是flock（群）的意思。而egregious则是指在群体之外，因此产生“惊世骇俗”之意。

句 The problem is so egregious that it is impossible not to notice it.那么明显的问题怎么可能没被发现。

318 elaborate []精心制作；详尽阐释 精巧的；详尽的

源 e- = out外 + laborate = toil辛劳 → 辛劳地做出来 → 精心制作。

句 The minister refused to elaborate on his reasons for resigning.该部长拒绝进一步解释他辞职的原因。

319 elapse []消逝；（时光）过去

综 把elapse的字母重组可以得到asleep（睡着的）。睡着（asleep）时光就流逝了（elapse）。

句 You should finish this project within an overall elapsed time of one year.你应该在一年的期限过了之前完成这个项目。

320 elective []选举的；选修的

综 记忆提示请见eclectic条目。

句 This is only an elective course. You are not required to take it.这只是一门选修课，你不一定要修。

｜ elementum ｜ 组成部分

321 element []元素；成分；基础

拆 element拆开后类似LMN。el = L, em = M, en = N。

句 What do you think is the most important element of a good life?你认为美好生活最重要的元素是什么？

322 elicit []引出；诱出

谐 elicit 的谐音类似“一粒 C”。想象母亲用维生素 C 片作奖赏，诱导孩子回答问题：回答就给你吃一粒 C。

句 The teacher uses pictures to elicit responses from her students.这个老师运用图片诱导学生反应。

｜ elect ｜ 选

323 elite []精英；优秀分子

源 诚品书店的英文名是Eslite。这个词源自古法语，在现代英语中就叫作elite。

句 The government of this country is controlled by a small group of political elites.这个国家的政府被少数政治精英所掌控。

｜ em ｜ 进入

324 embezzle []盗用；侵占

源 embezzle 源自罕用词 bezzle（劫掠；偷）。bezzle 很好记，就是谐音“搬走”。把不属于自己的财物搬走就是劫掠。

句 He embezzled one million dollars from the company in one year.一年之内，他盗用公司一百万美元。

325 empirical []经验主义的；以实验为依据的

源 empirical源自experiment（实验）。

句 The conclusion is theoretically true, but I still need to see some empirical evidence.这个结论理论上来说是正确的，但我仍需要实验性证据。

326 engulf []吞没；卷入

综 各位读者应该知道海湾战争（the Gulf War）吧。gulf可指“海湾”，也可指“吞没”。

句 The whole building was engulfed in flames.整栋大楼被大火吞没。

｜ epi ｜ 上方

327 epicurean []享乐的；好美食的

源 源自希腊哲学家Epicurus（伊壁鸠鲁）的名字。伊壁鸠鲁主张人应过俭朴生活才能得到快乐，那才是真正的幸福。但后来Epicurus一词被误用为追求享乐以及沉溺于声色犬马。

句 You could call her an epicurean. She spends all her time and money on luxurious food and drinks.你可以说她是名享乐主义者。她把钱和时间都花在奢华的美食和美酒上。

328 episode []事件；插曲；（戏剧的）一集

综 episode的读音类似a peso（一个比索）。想象你看了一集很差的肥皂剧，你的评论是一个比索都不值（即一文不值）：The episode isn’t worth a peso.

句 I would like to forget the embarrassing episode during our Asian trip. 我想忘掉我们亚洲行中那个丢脸的事件。

｜ equi ｜ 相等

329 equilibrium []均衡；相称；平衡；平静

源 equilibrium 是由 equal（相等的）与 libra（磅；天秤座；平衡）两个单词构成。

句 It is probably the incident that is affecting my equilibrium.大概是这个事件影响我的平静。

330 equivocate []（说话）模棱两可；含糊其辞

源 equivocate 是由 equal（相等的）与 vocal（声音的；口头的）两个单词构成。

句 The politician equivocates a lot to avoid sensitive questions.那个政客总是含糊其辞以避开敏感的问题。

331 era []时代；年代

综 把are的字母重组就得到era。

句 The Internet has opened up a new era of human life.互联网为人类生活揭开全新的时代。

332 eradicate []根绝；消灭

源 e- = out外 + radi = root根 + -cate → 把根挖出 → 根绝。

句 The mayor has vowed to eradicate gangsters.市长誓言要铲除帮派分子。

333 err [()]出差错；犯错误

源 与 error（错误）、errant（入歧途的；漂泊的）为同源词。

句 To err is human.犯错为人之常情。

334 erudite []博学的

源 e- = outside 外 + rudite = rude 粗野；粗鲁 → 离开粗野的状态 → 博学的。

句 From our last conversation, I find him to be quite erudite.根据我们上次谈话的印象，我认为他很博学。

335 escalate []使逐步上升；逐步升级

源 与escalator（自动扶梯）为同源词。

句 The civil war in that country is escalating.那个国家的内战持续升温。

｜ eu ｜ 好的

336 euphoric []愉快的；心满意足的

综 euphoric的前半段读音有点类似“优渥”。想象你过着优渥的生活，觉得心满意足。

句 On her wedding day, she has this euphoric smile on her face all day long.婚礼当天，她脸上挂着幸福的微笑。

｜ ex ｜ 出、外

337 evade []逃避；回避

谐 谐音“一味”。这样记：一味逃避，不是办法。

句 Don’t evade the problem. You have to face it sooner or later.别再逃避这个问题，反正你迟早都要面对的。

338 exalt []使升高；高举；提拔；表扬

源 与 altitude（高度；海拔）为同源词。

句 He was finally exalted to the position of president.他终于升到了总裁的位置。

339 excavate []挖掘；发掘（古物等）

源 ex- = out外 + cavate = cave洞穴 → 从洞穴中拿出 → 挖掘。

句 The first step of this construction is to excavate a hole on the ground.这项工程的第一步就是在地面上凿一个洞。

340 exclusive []专用的；排外的；独占的

源 与include（包含）、exclude（不包含）为同源词。

句 This service is exclusive to the members of our club.这项服务只限定于我们俱乐部的会员。

341 excrete []排泄

音 把 excrete（排泄）与 secrete（隐藏；分泌）一起记忆。

句 The baby excreted some urine.小宝宝排泄了一些尿液。

342 exculpate []开脱；使无罪

源 与culpable（该责备的）为同源词。请见culpable条目。

句 Finally, the accused stood exculpated on all the charges.最后，针对全部的指控，被告均被证明无罪。

343 exemplary []模范的；告诫的

源 与example（例子）为同源词。

句 He was chosen as the exemplary husband by his neighbors.他被邻居们选为模范丈夫。

344 exempt []免除；豁免

源 exempt 与example（例子）为同源词，均有“拿出”的含义。example是拿出来作为例子，而exempt则是拿出来并免除某些责任。

句 Charities are exempted from paying the tax.慈善机构被豁免征税。

345 exodus []外出；移居国外

源 大写的Exodus就是指《旧约圣经》中的《出埃及记》。

句 The massive exodus of young people to the big cities has left the village with only the elderly.年轻人大量外出到大都市，使得这个村落只剩下老人。

346 expand []展开；张开

谐 谐音“一直变大”。

句 He has been thinking about expanding the family business for quite a while.他想扩张家族生意已经有一段时间了。

347 expatriate []被流放的；移居国外的被流放国外者；移居国外者

源 ex- = out 外 + patriate = papa, native country 父亲；祖国 → 在祖国之外 → 流放；移居国外。

句 The novelist is a British expatriate living in France.那位小说家是侨居法国的英国人。

348 expedient []方便的；权宜的 紧急措施；权宜之计

源 expedient 源自 expedite（促进；迅速执行）。expedite 的词源分析：ex- = out 外 + ped = foot 脚 + -it → 把脚松开，即不绑手绑脚之意 → 促进。

句 The solution is simply a short-term expedient.这个只是暂时的权宜之计。

349 explicit []详尽的；明确的；直言的

源 源自explain（解释），与implicit（含蓄的）为同源词。

句 When it comes to money, please be explicit about it.谈到钱，请直言。

350 expound []解释；详细述说

源 ex- = out外 + pound = place放置 → 放到外面 → 解释。

句 The professor expounded the difference between these two concepts patiently.教授耐心地解释这两个概念的区别。

351 expurgate []修订；删去（不当处或不雅处）

源 源自 purge（清洗；使净化）。请见 purge 条目。

句 The editor expurgated two inappropriate passages from that article.编辑从文章中删除两个不妥的段落。

352 extant []现存的；尚存的

源 ex- = out 外 + (s)tant = stand 站 → 站立着显现出形象；存在 → 尚存的。

句 This is one of the few extant manuscripts in the world.这是世上仅存的少数手稿之一。

353 extemporaneous []即席的；随口而出的

源 ex- = out出 + temporal = time时间 →out of the present time → 从当下此刻出现 → 即席的。

句 She is good at giving extemporaneous speeches. Words just flow out of her mouth so smoothly.她是即席演讲的高手，话语总是从她口中流畅地讲出来。

354 extensive []广大的；广泛的；大规模的

源 与extend（延长）、extension（电话分机）、intensive（密集的）均为同源词。我们平常所说的extensive reading就是“泛读”，而intensive course就是“精读课程”。

句 The typhoon caused extensive damage.台风造成了大范围的破坏。

｜ ex ｜ 全部

355 extinct []绝种的；熄灭的

源 与extinguish（熄灭）为同源词。

句 The Dodo is an extinct species. It no longer exists.渡渡鸟是已灭绝的物种，现已不存在了。

｜ ex ｜ 向上

356 extol []赞扬；赞美

谐 谐音“仪式多”。想象某个典礼仪式很多，是为了对得奖者表示赞扬。

句 The salesman kept extolling the merits of this new type of cell phone.售货员不断赞扬这款新型手机的优良性能。

357 extract []抽出；榨取；蒸馏取得 提取物；选粹；摘录

源 ex- = out 外 + tract = draw 拉；抽 → 抽到外面 → 抽出；榨取。

句 He extracted some well-written passages from the essay and shared them with his friends.他从那篇文章中摘录写得特别好的几个段落与朋友们分享。

｜ extra ｜ 外在的

358 extraneous []外来的；无关的；没有直接关系的

源 extra-是常见前缀，意思是outside。

句 Your comments are extraneous to the topic we are talking about.你的评论与我们正在讨论的题目无关。

359 exude []使渗出；发散（气味）

谐 谐音“一休大师”（Master Ikkuy）。

助 Master Ikkyu exudes wisdom.（一休大师散发出智慧。）

句 The tree exudes a strange smell.那棵树散发一种奇怪的味道。

360 exultation []得意扬扬；欢悦

综 用expectation（预期）来记忆exultation。

助 His grades exceeded all expectations, so he felt a sense of exultation.（他的成绩超越预期，因此他感到很高兴。）

句 Our class won first prize in the swimming contest. The classroom was filled with an air of exultation.我们班赢得游泳比赛的冠军，教室洋溢着喜庆的气氛。

核心
words

选词填空练习

以下每个单元各有八个句子。请从下列八个选项中选出最适合者填入空格之中，使句意完整。每个选项只能用一次。

1. To 　　 on something is to give more details about it.

2. If a particular period of time 　　, it passes.

3. An 　　 mistake or failure is extremely bad and noticeable.

4. 　　 is the way in which plants, animals, and people are related to each other and to their environment.

5. An 　　 is an official public order made by someone in a position of power.

6. An 　　 collection of objects, ideas, or beliefs is wide-ranging and comes from many different sources.

7. If you say that someone is 　　, they behave in a way that is unusual and different from most people.

8. An 　　 course is one that students can choose to take, although they do not have to take it in order to graduate.

1. An 　　 is one part or feature of a whole system, plan, piece of work etc.

2. To 　　 money is to steal it from the place where one works.

3. 　　 is used to describe someone who is devoted to pleasure.

4. If you 　　, you avoid giving a clear or direct answer to a question.

5. If you 　　 a response, you succeed in getting it from someone, especially when this is difficult.

6. 　　 is a state in which you are calm and not angry or upset.

7. An 　　 is an event or a short period of time during which something happens.

8. The 　　 are the group of people who have a lot of power and influence because they have money, knowledge, or special skills.

1. An 　　 is a period of time in history that is known for a particular event, or for particular qualities.

2. If an archeologist 　　 an area of land, they dig carefully to find ancient objects, bones etc.

3. If you 　　 something, you avoid talking about it, especially because you are trying to hide it.

4. To 　　 someone is to put them into a high rank.

5. An 　　 person shows a lot of knowledge based on careful study.

6. If you 　　, you make a mistake.

7. If something is 　　, it is available or belonging only to particular people.

8. To 　　 a disease or a social problem is to completely get rid of it.

1. If someone is 　　 from a particular duty or obligation, they do not have to do it.

2. To 　　 someone is to prove or state that they are not guilty of something.

3. An 　　 is someone who lives in a foreign country.

4. An 　　 is a quick and effective way of dealing with a problem.

5. If something 　　, it become larger in size, number, or amount.

6. Something that is 　　 is expressed in a way that is very clear and direct.

7. If you 　　 something, you explain or talk about it in detail.

8. An 　　 is a situation in which a lot of people leave a particular place at the same time.

1. 　　 things are not directly related to a particular subject.

2. If you 　　 a particular quality, it is easy to see that you have a lot of it.

3. If you 　　 something, you praise it very much.

4. Something that is 　　 is still existing in spite of being very old.

5. If someone 　　 a piece of writing, they remove parts of it before it is published because they think these parts will offend people.

6. To 　　 a substance means to obtain it from somewhere else, especially with difficulty.

7. If a type of person, custom, skill etc. is 　　, it does not exist in society any more.

8. Something that is 　　 is large in size, amount, or degree.