Day 10

英文重现

Thus, the many service workers employed by manufacturers—bookkeepers or janitors, for example—would fall under the industrial rather than the services category. Such ambiguities reveal the arbitrariness of this definition and suggest that, although practical for government purposes, it does not accurately reflect the composition of the current United States economy.

——GMAT OG 2015, Reading Comprehension, Passage 8

解析

1.第三个句子的“employed by manufacturers”是过去分词作定语，修饰前面的

“many service workers”。

2.两个破折号之间的内容“bookkeepers or janitors for example”为“manufacturers”的同位语，举例对“manufacturer”进行进一步解释。

3.“although practical for government purposes”是“although”引导的让步状语从句，省略了主语和系动词“it is”，状语从句中的主语和主句的主语一致时，常常连带系动词一起

省略，如：

Though (it is) not large, the room is well decorated.

房间虽然不大，却被装饰得很好。

4.前面我们讲过，“suggest”作“暗示；表明”的意思讲时，其后如果接宾语从句，要用陈述语气，而当作“提议”讲时，其后接宾语从句，要用虚拟语气，此处的“suggest”后面的“that”用的是陈述语气，表示一个已经存在的真实情况。

词义辨析

参考翻译

因此，很多被工厂雇用的服务类劳动者——比如记账员或看门人——会被归入工业类，而不是服务类。这样的模棱两可透露了这种定义的任意性，也暗示尽管（这种定义）对政府的目的来说很实用，但它不能准确反映出现在美国经济的组成。

实战演练

The United States government's definition is more practical: services are the residual category that includes everything that is not agriculture or industry. Under this definition, services include activities as diverse as engineering and driving a bus. However, besides lacking a strong conceptual framework, this definition falls to recognize the distinction between service industries and service occupations. It categorizes workers based on their company's final product rather than on the actual work the employees perform. Thus, the many service workers employed by manufacturers—bookkeepers or janitors, for example—would fall under the industrial rather than the services category. Such ambiguities reveal the arbitrariness of this definition and suggest that, although practical for government purposes, it does not accurately reflect the composition of the current United States economy.

The author refers to “service workers employed by manufacturers” primarily in order to point out

(A) a type of worker not covered by the United States government's system of classifying occupations.

(B) a flaw in the United States government's definition of services.

(C) a factor that has influenced the growth of the service economy in the United States.

(D) a type of worker who is classified on the basis of work performed rather than on the basis of the company's final product.

(E) the diversity of the workers who are referred to as service workers.

答案：B

答案解析

“service workers employed by manufacturers”所在的句子为“Thus, the many service workers employed by manufacturers—bookkeepers or janitors, for example—would fall under the industrial rather than the services category”，“thus”表示结果，所以该句子是上一句话“It categorizes workers … the employees perform”的结果，是为了进一步证明上句话，而上句话的目的是指出美国政府对服务行业的定义的一个缺点，所以题干中引用的部分目的也是为了指出美国政府所下的定义的缺点，因此选项B“美国政府关于服务行业的定义中的一个缺陷”正确。选项A“美国政府对职业归类的系统没有涵盖到的一类工作者”、选项C

“一个影响美国服务经济发展的因素”，及选项E“服务工作者的多样性”都明显不对；而选项D“根据所做的工作，而非所在公司的最终产品，被归类的一类工作者”与文章的说法刚好相反。