Day 9

英文重现

However, besides lacking a strong conceptual framework, this definition fails to recognize the distinction between service industries and service occupations. It categorizes workers based on their company's final product rather than on the actual work the employees perform.

——GMAT OG 2015, Reading Comprehension, Passage 8

解析

1.此处“besides”相当于“in addition to/apart from”，意思是“除了……之外（还

有）”，注意一定不要写成“beside”，意思是“在……旁边”。

2.第二个句子中的“it”指代“this definition”；“the employees perform”是定语从句，省略了关系代词“that”，修饰前面的“actual work”。

3.第二个句子中，“rather than on…”是“rather than based on…”的省略，“rather than”意为“是……而不是……”，连接两个平行的结构“based on their company's final product”与“(based) on the actual work the employees perform”。

词义辨析

参考翻译

但是，除了缺乏一个强大的概念框架之外，这种定义（也）无法将服务行业和服务职业区分开。它根据劳动者公司的最终产品，而不是员工所做的实际工作，对劳动者进行分类。

实战演练

The United States government's definition is more practical: services are the residual category that includes everything that is not agriculture or industry. Under this definition, services include activities as diverse as engineering and driving a bus. However, besides lacking a strong conceptual framework, this definition fails to recognize the distinction between service industries and service occupations. It categorizes workers based on their company's final product rather than on the actual work the employees perform. Thus, the many service workers employed by manufacturers—bookkeepers or janitors, for example—would fall under the industrial rather than the services category. Such ambiguities reveal the arbitrariness of this definition and suggest that, although practical for government purposes, it does not accurately reflect the composition of the current United States economy.

The author of the passage mentions which of the following as one disadvantage of the United States government's definition of services?

(A) It is less useful than the other definitions mentioned in the passage.

(B) It is narrower in scope than the other definitions mentioned in the passage.

(C) It is based on the final product produced rather than on the type of work performed.

(D) It does not recognize the diversity of occupations within the service industries.

(E) It misclassifies many workers who are employed in service industries.

答案：C

答案解析

因为整篇文章都是围绕“definition of services”展开的，需要结合“disadvantage”的意思定位到原文“However, besides lacking a strong conceptual framework, this definition fails to recognize the distinction between service industries and service occupations”，根据“besides”和“fails”两个词可知，“definition”有两个缺点，一是缺乏一个强大的概念框架，二是没能将服务行业和服务职业区分开，而下一句“它根据劳动者公司的最终产品，而不是员工所做的实际工作，对劳动者进行分类”则是对第二个缺点的进一步解释。能与这些缺点对应的只有选项C“它是基于最终产品而不是基于工作类型的”。

其他选项的意思分别是：

A.它不如文章中提到的其他定义实用。

B.它比文章中提到的其他定义在范围上更窄。

D.它没有意识到服务行业内部职业的多样性。

E.它将在服务行业工作的很多工人都错误地归类了（该选项容易选错，它错在不应该是“in service industries”，而应该是“in service occupations”，根据文章内容，可推出是

将具有服务性质的工作错误归类了，因为所在公司的最终产品没有被归入服务行业，所以这些工人也没有被归入服务行业）。