第81章 你好我是有感知的AI

A.I. Is Not Sentient. Why Do People Say It Is?

人工智能是无感知力的，但为什么人们说它有呢？

It is not true that in labs across Silicon Valley engineers have built robots who can emote and converse and jam on lead vocals like a human. The technology can't do that. But it does have the power to mislead people.

如果说硅谷实验室的工程师们所设计出的机器人，已经能够像人类一样表达情感、相互交谈并为歌曲即兴伴奏，那这绝对不是真的。现在的技术还无法实现这些，但是确实足以误导大众。

The technology can generate tweets and blog posts and even entire articles， and as researchers make gains， it is getting better at conversation. Although it often spits out complete nonsense， many people — not just A.I. researchers — find themselves talking to this kind of technology as if it were human.

当前的AI技术能够实现写推文、博文、甚至是整篇文章；并且，随着研究的进一步推进，AI进行对话交流的能力也提高了。尽管AI经常会脱口说出完全不合逻辑的话，但是除了AI研究员，还有许多人会把AI当作真人一样去进行对话沟通。

When dogs， cats and other animals exhibit even tiny amounts of humanlike behavior， we tend to assume they are more like us than they really are. Much the same happens when we see hints of human behavior in a machine. Scientists now call it the Eliza effect.

在狗、猫及其他动物表现出类似人类的行为时，哪怕只是一丁点儿，我们也会认为它们跟人类一样，往往会夸大实际情况。而在看到机器表现出一些人类的行为时，我们的反应如出一辙。如今，科学家把这种现象称为“伊莉莎效应”。

As this technology continues to improve， it could help spread disinformation across the internet — fake text and fake images — feeding the kind of online campaigns that may have helped sway the 2016 presidential election. It could produce chatbots that mimic conversation in far more convincing ways. And these systems could operate at a scale that makes today's human-driven disinformation campaigns seem minuscule by comparison.

随着这项技术不断发展，它可能就会助长网络虚假信息的传播（比如伪造的文本或图像），持续为线上宣传活动提供原料，正是这些宣传活动很可能动摇了2016年的总统大选。利用这项技术可能会制造出聊天机器人，以极有说服力的方式模拟真人对话。而且，与这些系统的运作规模相比，目前以人力为主的虚假信息宣传就会显得不值一提。

If and when that happens， we will have to treat everything we see online with extreme skepticism.

如果真到那一天，我们将不得不以极端怀疑的态度看待互联网上的任何信息。