基于消费级无人机的砂卵石床面粒径分布研究(摘要)

朱猛，范念念，顾继一，刘兴年

(四川大学水力学与山区河流开发保护国家重点实验室，水利水电学院，四川　成都　610065)

【摘　要】　天然河流的泥沙都是非均匀的，而泥沙颗粒的粒径分布和空间排列特性，将对水流阻力和推移质输移特性产生重要影响。本文利用无人机近景摄影测绘技术，得到局部床面的正射影像和数字高程模型，然后测量颗粒粒径，继而绘制粒径分布曲线，并与传统的方法对比，表明基于无人机的近景摄影测绘技术是准确可靠的。在此基础上对石亭江出山口上下游床面的对比研究表明，石亭江出山口下游床面的粒径比出山口上游大，不满足一般河流从上游至下游粒径逐渐变细的规律，说明出山卡口和河宽变化对床沙组成和推移质输移的重要影响。

【关键词】　粒径分布；正射影像；无人机；近景摄影测绘

Application of Study on the Size Distribution of Gravel Bed from Consumer-level Unmanned Aerial Vehicle

ZHU Meng,FAN Niannian,GU Jiyi,LIU Xingnian

(State Key Laboratory of Hydraulics and Mountain River Engineering,College of Water Resource &Hydropower,Sichuan University,Chengdu Sichuan Province　610065)

Abstract:Sediment in natural river is non-uniform,and grain size distribution and spatial arrangement would have important effects on both flow resistance and bedload transport.Using the UAV photogrammetry technology,we obtained the orthophoto and digital elevation model of local river bed surface,which was based on the measurement of the gain size.Comparing with the grain size distribution curves from the UAV and manual Wolman count method,it is proved that the photogrammetry technology based on UAV is accurate and reliable.On the basis of those,we had a comparative study on the upstream and downstream bed surface of Shiting River mountain outlet,the results showed that the bed surface particle distribution was coarser in downstream than that at upstream,which does not meet the general downstream fining phenomena,it demonstrates that river’s mountain outlet and width variance play important role in bed load transport and particle size distribution.

Key words:Size Distribution;Orthophoto;UAV;Close-range Photogrammetry