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4.7 上机实训二——绘制沙发组构件
通过上述各小节的详细讲述,相信读者对各种修改工具有了一定的认识和操作能力,下面绘制如图4-79所示的沙发组平面图例,在综合巩固所学知识的前提下,对本章所讲知识进行综合练习和巩固。
![img](https://epubservercos.yuewen.com/FDE8AD/20862582701479706/epubprivate/OEBPS/Images/txt005_261.jpg?sign=1734417277-qvtkP7CcjkBNMuQK5UN0gz7EfkhKrJdV-0-d2388f71817f986480a12ddd0477dd59)
图4-79 沙发组平面图例
操作步骤
单击“标准”工具栏→“新建”按钮
,新建绘图文件。
打开状态栏上的“对象捕捉”和“对象追踪”功能,并设置“对象捕捉模式”为“中点”捕捉和“端点”捕捉,如图4-80所示。
![img](https://epubservercos.yuewen.com/FDE8AD/20862582701479706/epubprivate/OEBPS/Images/txt005_265.jpg?sign=1734417277-F8l3Kkzi2zXN8CnOQIFluZqTK5XhZPuF-0-c6314d8b5d7076b97baf4502f91ca866)
图4-80 设置“对象捕捉模式”
选择菜单栏中的“视图”→“缩放”→“中心”命令,将视图高度调整为2400个绘图单位。
按“REC”快捷键执行“矩形”命令,绘制长度为950个绘图单位、宽度为150个绘图单位的矩形,作为沙发靠背轮廓线。
![img](https://epubservercos.yuewen.com/FDE8AD/20862582701479706/epubprivate/OEBPS/Images/txt005_268.jpg?sign=1734417277-Iv3K1EG7xLIS139X0TvXCH1r29RLjm6I-0-c83300f39703004fb56355b3d2c9e051)
![img](https://epubservercos.yuewen.com/FDE8AD/20862582701479706/epubprivate/OEBPS/Images/txt005_269.jpg?sign=1734417277-1jYIqQwJugOAy8S4ae4VRdo2a958yz7V-0-7ef76de5dadf1212e22faf5b7960f6a5)
图4-81 绘制结果
重复执行“矩形”命令,配合“捕捉自”功能绘制扶手轮廓线。
![img](https://epubservercos.yuewen.com/FDE8AD/20862582701479706/epubprivate/OEBPS/Images/txt005_271.jpg?sign=1734417277-e5JgdFDffqDjPKvsB6v0KvR0vGHOlDvo-0-0f2e09962783411d4b3b99176feddb38)
![img](https://epubservercos.yuewen.com/FDE8AD/20862582701479706/epubprivate/OEBPS/Images/txt005_272.jpg?sign=1734417277-KNOjHSZonsG7pE2lLcfYPTYsKUuYsrSf-0-e9f6d9190c0a330fd25a019c40fdbb44)
图4-82 捕捉端点1
![img](https://epubservercos.yuewen.com/FDE8AD/20862582701479706/epubprivate/OEBPS/Images/txt005_273.jpg?sign=1734417277-mdQJsjH1tZ6IiebHSyirzhCkazB1jKNH-0-2c2eccc0c46856cb7614e31984be9155)
图4-83 捕捉端点2
![img](https://epubservercos.yuewen.com/FDE8AD/20862582701479706/epubprivate/OEBPS/Images/txt005_274.jpg?sign=1734417277-Iki3a5oSFhI7TisqLUFG3eKXWIba7Bn9-0-1ea9c313c0c146a1fd330da25b8ff718)
图4-84 绘制扶手轮廓线结果
选择菜单栏中的“修改”→“分解”命令,将三个矩形分解。
选择菜单栏中的“修改”→“偏移”命令,将最上侧的水平轮廓线向下偏移750个绘图单位,将两侧的垂直轮廓线向内偏移90个绘图单位。
![img](https://epubservercos.yuewen.com/FDE8AD/20862582701479706/epubprivate/OEBPS/Images/txt005_277.jpg?sign=1734417277-eaCsaVTuAf32gWxxFGFaCPW7brIjHn7D-0-093a01602456ad2e7768e64a57bb0413)
![img](https://epubservercos.yuewen.com/FDE8AD/20862582701479706/epubprivate/OEBPS/Images/txt005_278.jpg?sign=1734417277-1CkFXLHhohFqb7DyxG0RF0dAwKCap07N-0-0ef2783fc2aad922e92c6345608f4ae5)
图4-85 偏移结果
选择菜单栏中的“修改”→“延伸”命令,以最下侧的水平轮廓线为界,对其他两条垂直边进行延伸。
![img](https://epubservercos.yuewen.com/FDE8AD/20862582701479706/epubprivate/OEBPS/Images/txt005_280.jpg?sign=1734417277-FjRJyLXOpua4JAVN5zAclF0J4iAyTeIM-0-4fce02c1ea624e98fd52a37846696a0b)
![img](https://epubservercos.yuewen.com/FDE8AD/20862582701479706/epubprivate/OEBPS/Images/txt005_281.jpg?sign=1734417277-s8Vc4B01IzgN8UjfICyeFyEbejjxDqWU-0-52f81296aaf8fcf9149e89acb7138cf4)
图4-86 选择边界1
![img](https://epubservercos.yuewen.com/FDE8AD/20862582701479706/epubprivate/OEBPS/Images/txt005_282.jpg?sign=1734417277-NYF7vtWP9W842da35N1umEpeCIObqHid-0-535a964e3d4579cfd6e883771d538479)
图4-87 延伸结果
选择菜单栏中的“修改”→“修剪”命令,对下侧的水平边进行修剪。
![img](https://epubservercos.yuewen.com/FDE8AD/20862582701479706/epubprivate/OEBPS/Images/txt005_284.jpg?sign=1734417277-gal4HRKgsmOlIOyRPCw3LL874gZ7Zl5h-0-bbeafbf6bce4f5752c842ff7db45d7d0)
![img](https://epubservercos.yuewen.com/FDE8AD/20862582701479706/epubprivate/OEBPS/Images/txt005_285.jpg?sign=1734417277-yGEkTNiCjlxj7WCQtnvJyVVW0IeZyvQY-0-d8c14594cdfbf07809dfee9b0f994954)
图4-88 选择边界2
![img](https://epubservercos.yuewen.com/FDE8AD/20862582701479706/epubprivate/OEBPS/Images/txt005_286.jpg?sign=1734417277-b3nZpYFqasQZ1HEp1stqaKYuwMHygzcb-0-e81ce7fe5478ae76de64f9c318620abc)
图4-89 修剪结果
选择菜单栏中的“修改”→“拉长”命令,对内部的两条垂直轮廓边进行编辑。
![img](https://epubservercos.yuewen.com/FDE8AD/20862582701479706/epubprivate/OEBPS/Images/txt005_288.jpg?sign=1734417277-K0RHDo6yAlAE2nV7akKgoM5ozwohxV9l-0-8d51449abfa91dce0654337b6ed35516)
![img](https://epubservercos.yuewen.com/FDE8AD/20862582701479706/epubprivate/OEBPS/Images/txt005_289.jpg?sign=1734417277-I2Tn5y42Xt13my7uTRCxCsopZpY4ZaCN-0-c2f864f59cb9d59409cd089a76d7a2ca)
图4-90 单击指定位置1
![img](https://epubservercos.yuewen.com/FDE8AD/20862582701479706/epubprivate/OEBPS/Images/txt005_290.jpg?sign=1734417277-uL7OfWDDA0xraDn9eBGBluP3nigcIgsw-0-161309635042d26a87f6eb6c82d97188)
图4-91 单击指定位置2
![img](https://epubservercos.yuewen.com/FDE8AD/20862582701479706/epubprivate/OEBPS/Images/txt005_291.jpg?sign=1734417277-HcqWXHMR5oYA1nhn5c3AAzGbFbBhXwwX-0-36477d6364fecf9a56b60b8388357268)
图4-92 操作结果
选择菜单栏中的“修改”→“倒角”命令,对靠背轮廓边进行倒角编辑。
![img](https://epubservercos.yuewen.com/FDE8AD/20862582701479706/epubprivate/OEBPS/Images/txt005_293.jpg?sign=1734417277-79ehFjjiAE4zvNS5Qf2BSRNsMpTn4SQ2-0-d798f7aedefe86568da685904d6ce4ec)
![img](https://epubservercos.yuewen.com/FDE8AD/20862582701479706/epubprivate/OEBPS/Images/txt005_294.jpg?sign=1734417277-DB15jb3MGMdtRthMRrqs8zmOW9E4AOIn-0-522331f41eec8806c3323b9af8f09962)
图4-93 定位倒角边
![img](https://epubservercos.yuewen.com/FDE8AD/20862582701479706/epubprivate/OEBPS/Images/txt005_295.jpg?sign=1734417277-ySGrQ2roLJPDR7HUecQ3IjrjZTgW6MpW-0-d91bc9c651cf4e6f6404b2fa8f545d8d)
图4-94 倒角结果
按“L”快捷键执行“直线”命令,配合端点捕捉功能,绘制如图4-95所示的水平轮廓边。
![img](https://epubservercos.yuewen.com/FDE8AD/20862582701479706/epubprivate/OEBPS/Images/txt005_297.jpg?sign=1734417277-4ajH1gPnTtZB6Lte7eDQgIUnw6p4NrdK-0-d62b5d12f98fa4b85b9faa43ea09a6b7)
图4-95 绘制水平轮廓边结果
单击“默认”选项卡→“修改”面板→“圆角”按钮
,对下侧的轮廓边进行圆角。
![img](https://epubservercos.yuewen.com/FDE8AD/20862582701479706/epubprivate/OEBPS/Images/txt005_300.jpg?sign=1734417277-f50bO8veAeyR0vhWdOa1wuPsPNVeCsJA-0-ec7d1a8383224b6ba27ada341c3f503b)
![img](https://epubservercos.yuewen.com/FDE8AD/20862582701479706/epubprivate/OEBPS/Images/txt005_301.jpg?sign=1734417277-TB9yZKIogUiH7PrIC4Om0FyVDGoCdxTe-0-650a14f793f08807a1f314bc2aa1bf8f)
图4-96 定位圆角边
![img](https://epubservercos.yuewen.com/FDE8AD/20862582701479706/epubprivate/OEBPS/Images/txt005_302.jpg?sign=1734417277-h6fdzGj3nRxN239PLu1N7kC6SXRtoTRm-0-f982e1441f3e658a386bc1b263af03b4)
图4-97 圆角结果
在无命令执行的前提下拉出如图4-98所示的窗交选择框,然后按住鼠标右键拖动,当松开右键时,从弹出的快捷菜单中选择“复制到此处”选项,如图4-99所示,对其进行复制。
![img](https://epubservercos.yuewen.com/FDE8AD/20862582701479706/epubprivate/OEBPS/Images/txt005_304.jpg?sign=1734417277-7ZZcy4VgM7grGvsWD3UDmuHrK7tvZsCL-0-5cb09d466ab16f4be6cc71ce5112c24a)
图4-98 窗交选择框
![img](https://epubservercos.yuewen.com/FDE8AD/20862582701479706/epubprivate/OEBPS/Images/txt005_305.jpg?sign=1734417277-U5psJL3OD82JtD83qyY61otoTznhsaES-0-22f8833c256303a4df548133ecc5e2fd)
图4-99 右键菜单
重复上一步操作,将沙发图形复制一份。
单击“默认”选项卡→“修改”面板→“拉伸”按钮
,配合“极轴追踪”功能,将复制出的沙发拉伸为双人沙发。
![img](https://epubservercos.yuewen.com/FDE8AD/20862582701479706/epubprivate/OEBPS/Images/txt005_309.jpg?sign=1734417277-dZHIMQuz4LApc7KnGLDgqCiIqRAaW2YC-0-506c8be1e9bb22bbeaa7cdfdc02b41d7)
![img](https://epubservercos.yuewen.com/FDE8AD/20862582701479706/epubprivate/OEBPS/Images/txt005_310.jpg?sign=1734417277-TOK0rl8oPTaInXXIxqvjS7x4o6sc4cYl-0-8b787d12aad4322136e90229b0d61309)
图4-100 窗交选择框
![img](https://epubservercos.yuewen.com/FDE8AD/20862582701479706/epubprivate/OEBPS/Images/txt005_311.jpg?sign=1734417277-ZKoCzcboYC0VuJ84B5KnXAEw4Y23B2cn-0-f4588967e040197bc56d1584b053eb10)
图4-101 引出极轴矢量
![img](https://epubservercos.yuewen.com/FDE8AD/20862582701479706/epubprivate/OEBPS/Images/txt005_312.jpg?sign=1734417277-YppaBDaoBCgRjDS2nUJw7LiEsSftafBs-0-41acb85be2fccc50dc32a63630da21af)
图4-102 拉伸结果1
按“L”快捷键执行“直线”命令,配合“中点捕捉”功能绘制如图4-103所示的分界线。
![img](https://epubservercos.yuewen.com/FDE8AD/20862582701479706/epubprivate/OEBPS/Images/txt005_314.jpg?sign=1734417277-4RkbYR9rkfs9daNCJ74UbC9hAizzIRUV-0-a9509caaebfd68f77da647b41baa53ea)
图4-103 绘制分界线结果
重复执行“拉伸”命令,配合“极轴追踪”功能,将另一个沙发拉伸为三人沙发。
![img](https://epubservercos.yuewen.com/FDE8AD/20862582701479706/epubprivate/OEBPS/Images/txt005_316.jpg?sign=1734417277-A4H5nmHioGlW4jLVeD1oAM6502ixgPIr-0-9583f66c11487e0591ea341f53e77b59)
![img](https://epubservercos.yuewen.com/FDE8AD/20862582701479706/epubprivate/OEBPS/Images/txt005_317.jpg?sign=1734417277-IUEOeu1qGsBY6Ele5hnBO8Q2DFnDHklK-0-b32ec725c1b1dcac62041b1723c3e52e)
图4-104 拉伸结果2
按“L”快捷键执行“直线”命令,配合“对象捕捉”功能绘制如图4-105所示的两条分界线。
![img](https://epubservercos.yuewen.com/FDE8AD/20862582701479706/epubprivate/OEBPS/Images/txt005_319.jpg?sign=1734417277-5htzjL5XHDI39yvyq1puwxB9bjwAccCk-0-c3a06934cadf70ac09dc1acc75ddf330)
图4-105 绘制两条分界线结果
单击“默认”选项卡→“修改”面板→“旋转”按钮
,将双人沙发旋转90°。
![img](https://epubservercos.yuewen.com/FDE8AD/20862582701479706/epubprivate/OEBPS/Images/txt005_322.jpg?sign=1734417277-Asn3q9efEAF3nLTYaPuue7KoU1OGXA5a-0-d07a2ce815f0ae02ea321c29383017a5)
![img](https://epubservercos.yuewen.com/FDE8AD/20862582701479706/epubprivate/OEBPS/Images/txt005_323.jpg?sign=1734417277-3CeJWEJyzmVjNARhbw8HVt2HZSL7xUbx-0-e00b5b3af2864b5e7b2d109a174cc5e4)
图4-106 窗口选择框
![img](https://epubservercos.yuewen.com/FDE8AD/20862582701479706/epubprivate/OEBPS/Images/txt005_324.jpg?sign=1734417277-NjtCe37O4E6ol9S6ykdAPRwdHiOhUQhg-0-66e34559f2a4407ea7775877911077a1)
图4-107 双人沙发旋转90°结果
重复执行“旋转”命令,将单人沙发旋转-90°。
![img](https://epubservercos.yuewen.com/FDE8AD/20862582701479706/epubprivate/OEBPS/Images/txt005_326.jpg?sign=1734417277-edLdYowX5NtPJW4cpHf8zkoKPkSrTbqg-0-f6a52b2feb0ce92c4a1aa4883a7c6710)
![img](https://epubservercos.yuewen.com/FDE8AD/20862582701479706/epubprivate/OEBPS/Images/txt005_327.jpg?sign=1734417277-yWfLRdX6ZDcYSxOvkMld51l0s3PyP51D-0-927c4235dcc344b77430e0c3b56ca143)
图4-108 选择单人沙发
![img](https://epubservercos.yuewen.com/FDE8AD/20862582701479706/epubprivate/OEBPS/Images/txt005_328.jpg?sign=1734417277-3e7PmUXolXWGcyAll59EZcaN2RO2m25V-0-3b5212230c802ce5c95891a743d65039)
图4-109 单人沙发旋转90°结果
按“M”快捷键执行“移动”命令,将单人沙发、双人沙发和三人沙发进行移动,组合成沙发组。组合结果如图4-110所示。
![img](https://epubservercos.yuewen.com/FDE8AD/20862582701479706/epubprivate/OEBPS/Images/txt005_330.jpg?sign=1734417277-Y2lWfZeEI2SWI3vNNFokP6Jcft3vTpEW-0-c0e52e174e7d999e20a14a8664370042)
图4-110 组合结果
按“REC”快捷键执行“矩形”命令,绘制如图4-111所示的矩形作为茶几。
![img](https://epubservercos.yuewen.com/FDE8AD/20862582701479706/epubprivate/OEBPS/Images/txt005_332.jpg?sign=1734417277-PlqxWd6UgquHgq77T0j1dtNZURcAv6A2-0-af7c629c4ee5b330b876d4319f30188d)
图4-111 绘制茶几结果
单击“默认”选项卡→“修改”面板→“旋转”按钮
,将如图4-111所示的沙发组旋转180°,旋转结果如图4-112所示。
![img](https://epubservercos.yuewen.com/FDE8AD/20862582701479706/epubprivate/OEBPS/Images/txt005_335.jpg?sign=1734417277-aye33ltCXaJnw61zxNrFvqjWp7SCzDOD-0-9d55ac33c3d4af6262cf17d8ffe92b39)
图4-112 沙发组旋转180°结果
执行“缩放”命令,配合“两点之间的中点”功能对茶几进行缩放并复制。
![img](https://epubservercos.yuewen.com/FDE8AD/20862582701479706/epubprivate/OEBPS/Images/txt005_337.jpg?sign=1734417277-ADDjReezaeukDTpz9B4WrmgYO4Mpk2aR-0-c328ee04d9493162ef2563a2b95b3668)
![img](https://epubservercos.yuewen.com/FDE8AD/20862582701479706/epubprivate/OEBPS/Images/txt005_338.jpg?sign=1734417277-Yz9A4rFMXh3FGYRHaRUdPrnW1MeeA0iO-0-6415192431e48bb8f6083a042fba6bd5)
图4-113 缩放并复制结果
按“H”快捷键执行“图案填充”命令,打开图案填充和渐变色对话框,设置填充图案和填充参数1如图4-114所示,为茶几填充如图4-115所示的图案。
![img](https://epubservercos.yuewen.com/FDE8AD/20862582701479706/epubprivate/OEBPS/Images/txt005_340.jpg?sign=1734417277-V8gRebCHAD8Bt7t4201lBCFD2TmJsZMb-0-f3247d988215c71a5c64b7bccb1b299f)
图4-114 设置填充图案和填充参数1
![img](https://epubservercos.yuewen.com/FDE8AD/20862582701479706/epubprivate/OEBPS/Images/txt005_341.jpg?sign=1734417277-EFlRvks0z0Ebovba3Ik2umK7P8zeim8T-0-c49b42e54fa7025d5c9d06b6c110dee3)
图4-115 填充结果1
重复执行“图案填充”命令,打开图案填充和渐变色对话框,设置填充图案和填充参数2如图4-116所示,为沙发填充如图4-117所示的图案。
![img](https://epubservercos.yuewen.com/FDE8AD/20862582701479706/epubprivate/OEBPS/Images/txt005_343.jpg?sign=1734417277-QqymRQyt8rcDbhwVd33qJh9MdaP3jyCv-0-df6a743d06854cd52882fc38c697b4ac)
图4-116 设置填充图案和填充参数2
![img](https://epubservercos.yuewen.com/FDE8AD/20862582701479706/epubprivate/OEBPS/Images/txt005_344.jpg?sign=1734417277-EAJKPI4WscACkTK2VhfUtyZixzOJpZtX-0-d573aa0c49ff9a934953706345e496e7)
图4-117 填充结果2
重复执行“图案填充”命令,打开图案填充和渐变色对话框,设置填充图案和填充参数3如图4-118所示,为沙发填充如图4-119所示的图案。
![img](https://epubservercos.yuewen.com/FDE8AD/20862582701479706/epubprivate/OEBPS/Images/txt005_346.jpg?sign=1734417277-7jXhV9Rshq1WmNl2eLvXu9ZLFvG5scIc-0-d48a88a485df75e1eb6bf40c8ee139b7)
图4-118 设置填充图案和填充参数3
![img](https://epubservercos.yuewen.com/FDE8AD/20862582701479706/epubprivate/OEBPS/Images/txt005_347.jpg?sign=1734417277-hSMbaEM2S06va4HNd3J9IxOr3xy4hS2V-0-64fb419195bc75d17ee461ef6725725a)
图4-119 填充结果3
执行“保存”命令,将图形命名存储为“上机实训二.dwg”。