英文提要
On the Relationships between Beijing，its economic zone and the natural conditions in the Yuan & Ming Dynasties an analysis of people’s perceptions during that period.
The Leitmotiv of the dissertation is，through the analysis of people’s perceptions of the relationships between Beijing，its economic zone and the natural conditions，to summarize the achievements of people’s perceptions of the relationships between the natural conditions and the development of economy and politics. There are five Parts：Introduction expounds the meanings and values of this subject，introduces history and present situation of the research work in this field，puts forward the main viewpoints，innovations and research methods of the dissertation.
Chapter One analyses people’s perceptions of the relationships between Beijing and the natural conditions，which includes the basic reasons of establishing Beijing as the capital of the Yuan & Ming Dynasties，the consensus that the position of Beijing can service as a bridge between Southern and Northern China，people’s worries about the strategic position of Beijing and the state security in Ming Dynasty，and the remarks on the provision for Beijing and Northern frontier areas，and on the security of foodstuff in Beijing.
Chapter Two analyses people’s perceptions of the relationships between economic situation and the natural conditions of Beijing and its environs and its economic zone. That is，the consciousness of making use of the natural conditions and developing the projet of Northern irrigation and water conservancy，the resume and fade off of the awareness that the state must enact some laws to regulate the project of northwest irrigation and water conservancy，the critical opinions about the natural conditions of Beijing and its environs and the effects of the project of the irrigation and water conservancy，the state’s awareness that the taxes of Beijing rely on southeast areas，the violent reactions and arguments of officials from Jiangnan areas against the heavy taxes there，the ideas of these officials of developing the project of northwest water conservaney and the practical effects，and the opposite opinions of officials from northern areas against it.
Chapter Three analyses people’s perceptions of the relationships between the artificial alteration and the use of the natural conditions and Beijing’s provisionment，along with the effets，that is，the awareness of the fact that the canal can not meet the demands of foodstuff transportation，the come into being and reinforce of the consciousness that the state should institute laws regarded with the use of man-made watercourse to transport foodstuff，people’s positive appraises of the relations between the use of waterways and the provisionment of Beijing，the intensive consciousness of offcials from Jiangnan areas of the passive effects as a result of the use of waterways，and two opinions about whether or not to restore sea transportation in Ming Dynasty. Each of them has its historical foundations for its popularity，and has its rationality，as well as its limitations.
Epilogue sums up the importance of people’s perceptions to the theory of history and the significance to today’s construction of politics and economy. The importance lies in the fact that people’s perceptions，which involved aspects of the relationships between the natural conditions and the development of politics and economy，conduce to deep understanding of the theory of history. As far as today’s construction of politics and economy is concerned，the significance consists in：Firstly，to ensure the security of foodstuff depends not only on the regulating and control of state，but on the reformation of the system of circulation in market. Secendly，to transform the disadvantages of northwest food production into advantages of the ecological construction. Finanly，it is necessary to establish an open traffic and transportation system.