国际课程生物核心词汇
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001 ability/əˈbɪləti/ n.能力;才能

62频

ability to do sth.做某事的能力

Describe the effect of light intensity on the ability of sorghum plants to survive cooling.请说明光照强度对高粱植株耐寒能力的影响。

002 abnormal/æbˈnɔːml/ adj.异常的;畸形的

7频

abnormal heart rhythms心律不齐

Two types of abnormal mitosis were seen in the observations of the chromosomes in these cells.在对这些细胞染色体进行观察时,发现了两种类型的异常有丝分裂。

003 absent/ˈæbsənt/adj.不存在的;缺席的;心不在焉的

/æbˈsənt/ vt.使缺席

110频

be absent from work缺勤

The only structure commonly found in animal cells which is absent from plant cells is the centriole.在动物细胞中常见的唯一一种植物细胞没有的结构是中心粒。

004 absorb/əbˈzɔːb/ vt.吸收(液体、光、热、能量等);理解,掌握

11频

absorb oxygen吸收氧气

Bacteria cannot absorb folic acid from their surroundings.细菌不能从环境中吸收叶酸。

005 abundance/əˈbʌndəns/ n.丰度;大量,充足

21频

in abundance大量地,丰富地

Describe how the abundance of the two plant species at higher and lower ground sites could be measured.请说明如何测量这两种植物在高地和低地的丰度。

006 accept/əkˈsept/ v.接受;相信(某事属实)

5频

accept one's apology接受道歉

Oxygenated haemoglobin accepts hydrogen ions from carbonic acid.含氧血红蛋白接受来自碳酸的氢离子。

007 accessory/əkˈsesəri/ adj.辅助的

n.配件;配饰;帮凶

19频

bicycle accessories自行车配件

Outline the role of the accessory pigments in photosynthesis.请概述辅助色素在光合作用中的作用。

008 according/əˈkɔːdɪŋ/ adv.根据,依照

116频

according to sth.根据某事;按照某事

Enzymes are named according to the reaction that they catalyse.酶是根据它们所催化的反应来命名的。

009 account/əˈkaʊnt/ v .解释;视为

n.描述;账户

16频

account for是……的原因;解释;占……比例

What accounts for this difference?造成这种差异的原因是什么?

010 accumulate/əˈkjuːmjəleɪt/ v.积聚;积累

11频

accumulate a fortune积累一笔财富

Within plant cells, the heavy metals accumulate mainly in the vacuole.在植物细胞内,重金属主要积聚在液泡中。

011 accurate/ˈækjərət/ adj.准确的,精确的

39频

accurate description精确的描述

Consider how you will obtain results which are as accurate as possible.请思考如何使获得的结果尽可能准确。

012 achieve/əˈtʃiːv/ vt.达到(某目标、地位、标准),取得;完成

9频

achieve success取得成功

The disadvantage of the SEM is that it cannot achieve the same resolution as a TEM.扫描电镜的缺点是无法达到透射电镜那样的分辨率。

013 acquire/əˈkwaɪə(r)/ vt.获得;学到

7频

acquire a good knowledge of English学好英语

Natural immunity and artificial immunity can both be acquired in a passive or in an active manner.自然免疫和人工免疫都可以通过被动或主动的方式获得。

014 act/ækt/ v.充当;行动;表现

54频

act on sth.遵照某事行动

Metal ions can act as a non-competitive inhibitor of catalase.金属离子可作为过氧化氢酶的非竞争性抑制剂。

015 activate/ˈæktɪveɪt/ vt.激活,使活化

7频

activate the elevator启动电梯

The hydrochloric acid helps to activate the enzymes in the stomach.盐酸有助于激活胃中的酶。

016 active/ˈæktɪv/ adj.活性的;起作用的;积极的n. (语法中的)主动语态

339频

active mind活跃的思维

例 Active yeast suspension has a colour of pale cream.活性酵母悬浮液是淡奶油色的。

017 activity/ækˈtɪvəti/ n.活性;活动

323频

outdoor activities户外活动

The graphs show the effects of temperature and pH on enzyme activity.这些曲线图显示了温度和pH值对酶活性的影响。

018 actual/ˈæktʃuəl/ adj.实际的;真正的(用于对比主次方面)

219频

actual words原话

Explain why the student used percentage change in mass rather than actual mass.请解释为什么该学生使用的是质量变化百分比而不是实际质量的百分比。

019 adapt/əˈdæpt/ v.使……适合;适应;改写

14频

adjust

adapt to a new situation适应新形势

Which features adapt root hair cells for efficient absorption of water?哪些特征使根毛细胞能够有效吸收水分?

020 add/æd/ v.增加;补充

86频

add to sth.使某事(物)数量增加或规模扩大

The reaction will start as soon as you add enzyme solution.一加入酶溶液,反应就会开始。

021 adjacent/əˈdʒeɪsnt/ adj.相邻的

94频

be adjacent to sth.与某物相邻

Select one group of four adjacent (touching) cells.选择四个相邻(接触)的细胞。

022 adjust/əˈdʒʌst/ vt.调节,调整;适应

19频

adapt

adjust the volume调节音量

例 Adjust the temperature of the water-bath so that it is between 35℃and 40℃.调整水浴的温度,使其保持在摄氏35到40度之间。

023 adult/ˈædʌlt/ adj.成年的;成熟的

n.成年人;成年动物

74频

adult population成年人口

Calculate the mean annual number of adult natterjack toads counted from 1989 to 1997.计算1989年至1997年间成年黄条背蟾蜍的年平均数量。

024 adulthood/ˈædʌlthʊd/ n.成年

6频

childhood, adolescence and adulthood童年、青少年及成年

The gene coding for the enzyme lactase was switched off before adulthood.乳糖酶的编码基因在成年前就被关闭了。

025 advantage/ədˈvɑːntɪdʒ/ n.优点;优势,有利因素

vt.有利于

66频

have an advantage over sb.比某人有优势

Suggest one advantage of the use of this new technique in the IVF procedure.请说出在体外受精过程中使用这种新技术的一个优点。

026 advise/ədˈvaɪz/ v.建议;提供咨询;通知

21频

advise sb. against sth.建议某人不要做某事

You are advised to wear suitable eye protection, especially when using the potassium hydroxide solution.建议戴上合适的眼罩,尤其是在使用氢氧化钾溶液时。

027 affect/əˈfekt/ vt.影响;使感染(疾病);(感情上)深深打动

68频

be affected by sth.受某事影响

A scientist investigated how water loss from these roots was affected by the time in storage.一位科学家研究了这些根的水分损失是如何受到储存时间的影响。

028 affinity/əˈfɪnəti/ n.亲和力,亲近;类似

67频

have a natural affinity with...与……有自然的亲近感

The Michaelis-Menten constant, Km, shows the affinity of an enzyme for its substrate.米氏常数Km表示酶对底物的亲和力。

029 against/əˈɡenst/ prep.以防;与……相反;对……不利

120频

precautions against fire防火措施

Suggest how a country-wide vaccination schedule can give protection against infection to unvaccinated children.请说明全国范围的疫苗接种计划如何保护未接种疫苗的儿童免受感染。

030 aged/eɪdʒd/ adj.……岁的 /ˈeɪdʒɪd/年迈的

13频

the aged老年人

Deaths from lung cancer in men aged 60-74 years increased up to 1970.到1970年,60至74岁男性死于肺癌的人数有所增加。

031 agent/ˈeɪdʒənt/ n.主体;(化学)剂;代理人

15频

oxidizing agents氧化剂

What is the causative agent and method of transmission of smallpox?天花的病原体和传播方式是什么?

032 age/eɪdʒ/ n.年龄;时代

v.变老

11频

come of age成年,成熟

Many deaths from measles occur in children under five years of age.许多死于麻疹的人是五岁以下的儿童。

033 agile/ˈædʒaɪl/ adj.灵活的;敏捷的

5频

an agile mind敏捷的思维

Monkeys are very agile climbers.猴子攀登时非常灵活。

034 agriculture/ˈæɡrɪkʌltʃə(r)/ n.农业

5频

science of agriculture农学

Large areas of land that once contained natural ecosystems are now used for agriculture.曾经含有自然生态系统的大片土地现在被用于农业生产。

035 airborne/ˈeəbɔːn/ adj.空气传播的;在空中的;空降的

18频

airborne seeds空气传播的种子

Which two diseases are transmitted by airborne droplets?哪两种疾病是通过空气飞沫传播的?

036 airtight/ˈeətaɪt/ adj.密封的,不透气的

6频

airtight container密封的容器

Attach the delivery tube to the nozzle to make an airtight fit.将导管连接到管嘴上,使其紧密结合。

037 allow/əˈlaʊ/ v.使能够;允许;听任

90频

allow sb. to do sth.允许某人做某事

New technologies exist to allow horse semen to be frozen in small plastic straws.有了新的技术可以将马的精液冷冻在塑料细管中。

038 alter/ˈɔːltə(r)/ v.改变,修改

6频

alter the method改变方法

Why do large increases in the temperature or pH alter enzyme activity?为什么温度或pH值的大幅升高会改变酶的活性?

039 altitude/ˈæltɪtjuːd/ n.海拔

59频

an altitude of 6,000 metres海拔6,000米

A person moves from sea level to live at a high altitude.一个人从海平面迁徙到高海拔的地方居住。

040 among/əˈmʌŋ/ prep.……中;……之一

8频

a house among the trees树林中的一座房子

Explain why cross-pollination produces more genetic variation among the offspring than self-pollination.请解释为什么异花授粉比自花传粉在后代中会产生更多的遗传变异。

041 amplify/ˈæmplɪfaɪ/ v.放大;增强;扩充

7频

amplify an electric current增强电流

Glucagon signal is amplified.胰高血糖素信号被放大。

042 analyse/ˈænəlaɪz/ vt.分析

6频

analyse the data分析数据

Name a statistical test that could be used to analyse the results of this study.说出一个可以用来分析这项研究结果的统计检验。

043 annotate/ˈænəteɪt/ v.……做注释

33频

an annotated edition附有注解的版本

A student was asked to draw a plan diagram of the plant tissue shown in the photomicrograph and to annotate two observable features.一名学生被要求画出显微照片中显示的植物组织的平面图,并对两个可观察到的特征进行注释。

044 anomalous/əˈnɒmələs/ adj.异常的,反常的

24频

abnormal

anomalous property异常性质

Suggest a reason for the cause of these anomalous results in trial 1.请说出试验1中出现异常结果的原因。

045 answer/ˈɑːnsə(r)/ n.答案;解决办法

v.回答;符合

73频

the answer to...对……的答复或答案

Each correct answer will score one mark.每答对一题得一分。

046 apparatus/ˌæpəˈreɪtəs/ n.仪器;器官;机构

175频

Golgi apparatus高尔基体

The diagram shows one apparatus used for this technique.该图显示了这项技术所使用的一种仪器。

047 appear/əˈpɪə(r)/ vi.呈现,出现;似乎

36频

appear to be...看起来似乎……

The different molecules appear as coloured spots.不同的分子以彩色斑点的形式呈现。

048 application/ˌæplɪˈkeɪʃn/ n.施用;应用;申请

10频

application for sth.对某事的申请

Why does the application of nitrate fertilisers cause an increase in crop production?为什么施用硝酸盐肥料会导致作物增产?

13频

049 apply/əˈplaɪ/ v.适用;申请;应用

apply for a passport申请护照

Which features apply to both sieve tube elements and xylem vessel elements?哪些特征同时适用于筛管分子和木质部导管分子?

050 appropriate/əˈprəʊpriət/ adj.合适的

/əˈprəʊprieɪt/ vt.挪用,侵吞

346频

be appropriate for/to sth.适合某事

For which cell component would nanometres be the most appropriate unit of measurement?对于哪种细胞成分来说,纳米是最合适的测量单位?

051 arbitrary/ˈɑːbɪtrəri/ adj.任意的;专制的

162频

arbitrary powers专制权力

The maximum absorbance is 98 arbitrary units.最大吸光度为98个任意单位。

052 arrange/əˈreɪndʒ/ v.排列;安排,筹备

10频

arrange a party安排聚会

例 Arrange the test tubes in the order of intensity of blue colour from lowest intensity to highest intensity.试管按蓝色的深度由浅到深排列。

053 arrow/ˈærəʊ/ n.箭头,箭号;箭

68频

shoot an arrow射箭

The numbered arrows indicate the sequence of events that occurs after the uptake of water by the grain of wheat.带数字的箭头表示小麦籽粒吸收水分后发生的一系列事件。

054 artificial/ˌɑːtɪˈfɪʃl/ adj.人工的;人造的;虚假的

70频

artificial emotion假装的情感

Modern thoroughbred racehorses are the result of many years of artificial selection.现代纯种赛马是多年人工选择的结果。

055 aspect/ˈæspekt/ n.方面;样子;朝向

5频

all aspects of sth.某事(物)的各个方面

Describe the aspects of the experimental procedure which ensure that the data can be trusted.请描述实验过程中能确保数据可信的各个方面。

056 assess/əˈses/ vt.评估;估算

25频

assess the effects of sth.评估某事带来的效果

例 Assess how far the results support the hypothesis.请评估这些结果能在多大程度上支持该假设。

057 assimilate/əˈsɪməleɪt/ n.同化物

v.吸收;(使)同化

15频

assimilate into the community融入社区

In plants, assimilates are transported in phloem sieve tube elements by a process known as translocation.在植物体内中,同化物通过一种称为转运的过程在韧皮部筛管分子中运输。

058 assist/əˈsɪst/ v.帮助,协助;促进

5频

assist sb. in doing sth.帮助某人做某事

The salivary glands of aphids have secretory cells that make and release a variety of proteins that assist in feeding.蚜虫的唾液腺有分泌细胞,可以产生和释放各种帮助取食的蛋白质。

059 associated/əˈsəʊsieɪtɪd/ adj.有关的;联合的

53频

be associated with sth.与某事(物)有关

The molecules listed below are all associated with respiration.下面列出的分子都与呼吸作用有关。

060 attach/əˈtætʃ/ vt.附上,贴上

12频

attach A to B把A附到B上

The speed of nerve conduction is measured by attaching surface electrodes to the skin.神经传导的速度是通过将表面电极贴到皮肤上来测量的。

061 attack/əˈtæk/ n.(尤指常发疾病的)发作;进攻

v.(疾病、化学药品、昆虫等)攻击

19频

an attack on sth.对某事进行的攻击

Many allergens that can trigger an asthma attack are inhaled during normal breathing.许多可能引发哮喘发作的过敏原都是在正常呼吸时吸入的。

062 attempt/əˈtempt/ v.&n.尝试;企图;努力

5频

attempt to do sth.试图做某事

Gene therapy has been attempted to treat CF since 1993.自1993年以来,基因疗法一直被尝试用于囊肿性纤维化的治疗。

063 attract/əˈtrækt/ v.吸引;引起(反应);招引

17频

attract A to B吸引A注意B

When the fruits are developing, quite large amounts of sucrose may be used to produce sweet, juicy fruits ready to attract animals.果实发育时,大量蔗糖会被用于生出味甜多汁的水果,好吸引动物的到来。

064 available/əˈveɪləbl/ adj.可获得的,可购得的,可找到的

277频

available resources/facilities可利用的资源/设备

Microscopes had been available since the beginning of the 17th century.显微镜从17世纪初就有了。

065 average/ˈævərɪdʒ/ adj.平均的;一般的

n.平均数;一般水平

24频

on average按平均值;大体上

During the 20th century, the average age of onset of puberty in European girls decreased from about 17 years to about 12 years of age.在20世纪,欧洲女孩的平均青春期起始年龄从17岁左右下降到12岁左右。

066 avoid/əˈvɔɪd/ vt.避免;防止;回避

185频

avoid doing sth.避免做某事

To avoid staining your skin, try not to touch the agar.为避免弄脏皮肤,请尽量不要触碰琼脂。