Getting Started with Git

Whether you are a professional or an amateur developer, you've likely heard about the concept of version control. You may know that adding a new feature, fixing a broken one, or stepping back to a previous condition is a daily routine.

This requires the use of a powerful tool that can help you take care of your work, allowing you to move around your project quickly and without friction.

There are many tools for this job on the market, both proprietary and open source. Usually, you will find Version Control Systems (VCS) and Distributed Version Control Systems (DVCS). Some examples of centralized tools are Concurrent Version System (CVS), Subversion (SVN), Team Foundation Server (TFS), and Perforce Helix. While in DVCS, you can find Bazaar, Mercurial, and Git. The main difference between the two families is the constraint—in the centralized system—to have a remote server from which to get and in which to put your files; needless to say, if the network is down, you are in trouble. In DVCS, on the other hand, you can either have or not have a remote server (even more than one), but you can work offline, too. All your modifications are locally recorded so that you can sync them at some other time. Today, Git is the DVCS that has gained more public favor than others, growing quickly from a niche tool to mainstream.

Git has rapidly grown as the de facto source code versioning tool. It is the second famous child of Linus Torvalds, who, after creating the Linux kernel, forged this versioning software to keep track of his million lines of code.

In this first chapter, we will start at the very beginning, assuming that you do not have Git on your machine. This book is intended for developers who have never used Git or only used it a little bit, but who are scared to throw themselves headlong into it.

If you have never installed Git, this is your chapter. If you already have a working Git box, you can quickly read through it to check whether everything is alright.