3.4　考研真题详解

1. 不宜妄自菲薄，引喻失义，以塞忠谏之路也。[北大2004研]

【译文】Your Majesty should not lose yourself in the pursuit of mean things, quoting phrases to confound the eternal principles of rectitude, and so preventing remonstrance from honest people.

【解析】这里的“忠谏之路”实际上是指大臣进谏这一事情，不需要把“路”译出来，译出“进谏、规劝”即可，因此译为“remonstrance”。

2. 改革开放以来，中国经济以年平均近10%的速度持续增长，各项事业蓬勃发展，人民生活水平显著提高，为旅游业的兴旺奠定了坚实的基础。[人大2003研]

【译文】Since the introduction of the policy of reform and opening-up, China’s economy has been growing at an average rate of 10% annually, various social undertakings have been developing rapidly, and people’s living standards have been improved remarkably, all of which has established a solid foundation for the prosperity of tourism.

【解析】名词具体译法，“改革开放”是一个抽象概念，含义丰富，这里指政策。根据上下文可知，“改革开放”以来即这一政策实施以来，故具体为“the policy of reform and opening-up”。

3. 在逃去如飞的日子里，在千门万户的世界里的我能做些什么呢？[对外经贸大学2005研]

【译文】Living in this world with its fleeting days and teeming millions, what can I do but waver and wander and live a transient life?

【解析】名词抽象译法，“千门万户”看似具体，实则抽象。故此处将其泛化为“teeming millions”。

4. 它可能是一条现代的乌衣巷，家家有自己的一本哀乐账一部兴衰史，可是重门叠户，讳莫如深，夕阳影里，野花闲草，燕子低飞，寻觅归家。[对外经贸大学2006研]

【译文】It may be a modern version of Wu Yi Xiang, a special residential area of nobility in the Jin Dynasty southeast of today’s Nanjing, where each family, secluded behind closed doors, has its own cover-up story of joys and sorrows, and rise and decline. When the sun is setting, swallows will fly low over wild flowers and grass on their way to their nests.

【解析】“乌衣巷”是一个地名，为使译语读者在头脑中获知更多相关信息，译者在翻译时进行了补充，即a special residential area of nobility in the Jin Dynasty southeast of today’s Nanjing，便于读者理解。

5. 在当前困难时期，中美双方更应当同舟共济，共渡难关，共同保持两国贸易投资发展势头。[对外经贸大学2012研]

【译文】Facing the current difficulties, the two sides should all the more work together to overcome the difficulties and jointly maintain the growth momentum in our trade and investment.

【解析】“面对困难”即“处于困难时期”，故可将其抽象为“difficulties”。

6. 1949年以后，一个真正的妇女解放过程开始了。[北京外国语大学2010研]

【译文】A factual women liberation started after 1949.

【解析】将原文中“过程”省去不译，是因为译文“women liberation”已经概括了这个内容，且含义更丰富。

7. 交流中最常见绊脚石——文化差异。[北京外国语大学2009研]

【译文】Cultural difference is the most common barrier in communication.

【解析】名词化具体为抽象。原文中“绊脚石”实际上就是指“障碍，壁垒”，故译为“barrier”。

8. 都说公务员舒服，但刘晓宁每天的工作时间都在10小时以上，加班到晚上八九点钟，是很正常的事。[北航2010研]

【译文】Everyone says that civil servants enjoy a comfortable life, but Xiaoning works more than 10 hours every day. Working overtime until eight or nine in the evening is perfectly normal.

【解析】原文中的“时间”为范畴词，汉译英时可省略不译。

9. 中国有句古话，“宰相必起于州部，猛将必发于卒伍”。[华南理工大学2018研]

【译文】As a famous saying in China, “A sensible prime minister must rise in the department of grass-roots, and a brave general must rise in the soldiers.

10. 我知道她是不到黄河心不死的。[华南理工大学2018研]

【译文】I’m convinced that she refused to give up until all hope has gone.

11. 令人欣慰的是，在历经艰难曲折之后，世界经济出现整体复苏态势。[杭州师范大学2019研]

【译文】It is encouraging to note the collective global recovery that has emerged following a tortuous journey.

【解析】原文中的“态势”为范畴词，汉译英时可省略不译。