2016年12月 研究生英语学位课统考真题
GENERAL ENGLISH QUALIFYING TEST
FOR NON-ENGLISH MAJOR GRADUATE STUDENTS
(GETDEC3116)
考试注意事项
一、 本考试由两份试卷组成：试卷一（Paper One）包括听力理解、词汇、完形填空与阅读理解四部分，共80题，按顺序统一编号；试卷二 (Paper Two) 包括翻译与写作两部分，共3题。此外，试卷分A 卷和B卷，请考生注意在答题卡上标出自己的试卷类型。
二、 试卷一（题号1-80）为客观评分题（听力Section C 部分除外），答案一律用2B铅笔做在机读答题纸上，在对应题号下所选的字母中间划黑道，如
三、 试卷二为主观评分题，答案做在ANSWER SHEET II上。答题前，请仔细阅读试卷二的注意事项。
四、 试卷一、试卷二上均不得做任何记号（听力Section C部分除外），答案一律写在答题纸上，否则无效。
五、 本考试全部时间为150分钟，采用试卷一与试卷二分卷计时的办法。试卷一考试时间为90分钟，听力理解部分以放完录音为准，大约25分钟；其余部分共计时65分钟，每部分所占时间均标在试卷上，考生可自行掌握。
六、 试卷二共计时60分钟，每部分所占时间均标在试卷上，考生可自行掌握。试卷一与试卷二采取分别收卷的办法。每次终了时间一到，考生一律停笔，等候监考教师收点试卷及答题纸。全部考试结束后，须待监考教师将全部试卷及答题纸收点无误并宣布本考试结束，方可离开考场。
PAPER ONE
PART Ⅰ
LISTENING COMPREHENSION (25 minutes,20 points)
Section A (1 point each)
Directions: In this section,you will hear nine short conversa tions between two speakers. At the end of each conversa tion a question will be asked about what was said. The conversations and the questions will be read only once. Choose the best answer from the four choices given by m a rking the corresponding letter with a single bar across the square brackets on your m achine-scored answer Sheet.
1.A. There are many gas stations.
B. There are few gas stations.
C. There are various risks.
D. There are few cars on the road.
2.A. He failed to catch the bus.
B. He d idn’t enjoy walking.
C. He thought differently.
D. He d idn’t hear clearly.
3.A. A tour guide.
B. A bus d river.
C. A hotel attendant.
D. A traffic policew oman.
4.A. He w as rude to his mother.
B. He loves his girlfriend.
C. He can to lerate his girlfriend no more.
D. He insulted his girlfriend.
5.A. Because she had become overweight.
B. Because she used to travel a great deal.
C. Because she was tired of her previous job.
D. Because she hoped to be a sales rep resen tative.
6.A. She doesn’t trust the man.
B. She needs the man’s help.
C. The man is trust-worthy.
D. The man is late for school.
7.A. Room 213.
B. Room 303.
C. Room 313.
D. Room 231.
8.A. Opposed.
B. Cau tious.
C. Concerned.
D. Supportive.
9.A. He is in critical condition.
B. He is about to arrive.
C. His health is improving.
D. He is back to work.
Section B (1 point each)
Directions: In this section you will hear two Mini-talks. At the end of each talk,there will be som e questions. Both the talks and the questions will be read to you only once. After each question,there will be a pause. During the pause,you must choose the best answer from the four choices given by m arking the corresponding letter with a single bar across the square brackets on your m achine-scored answer Sheet.
Mini-talk One
10.A. In designing a perfect school curriculum.
B. In p rom oting the physical health of kids.
C. In read ing classical literary works.
D. In the intellectual development of kids.
11.A. A responsible music teacher.
B. Expensive musical instrum ents.
C. Access to music via the Internet.
D. Videos about singing or dancing.
12.A. How to learn music.
B. Why music matters.
C. Who loves music.
D. What music is.
Mini-talk Two
13.A. 36%.
B. 60%.
C. 83%.
D. 90%.
14.A. They have much respect for teachers.
B. They have become much less practical.
C. They have visions on changing the world.
D. They are under the pressure to succeed.
15.A. Because they ask studen ts to write long essays.
B. Because they can never put in form ation together.
C. Because they tend to give sho rt-answer tests.
D. Because they are not honest or trust-w orthy.
Section C (1 point each)
D irections: In this section you will hea r a short lectu re. Listen to the recording and com p lete the notes about the lecture. You will hea r the recording twice. After the recording you are asked to write down your answers on the answer Sheet. You now have 25 seconds to read the notes below.
（请在录音结束后把16-20题的答案抄写在答题纸上）
16. You should look for day care centers that provide…,along with a safe and ____ (2 words).
17. You want your child to be happy and com fortable,w hich is your ____ (2 words).
18. …any good day care center is go ing to encou rage ____ (2 words) between the children.
19. Whatever your op tion,____ (2 words) that you know who you are leaving your child with.
20. Once you have done all this,you can feel more ____ (3 words) in know ing that….
PART
VOCABULARY (10 minutes,10 points )
Section A (0.5 point each)
D irection s: There are 10 questions in th is section. Each question is a sen tence with one word or phrase underlined. Below the sen tence are four words or phrases m arked A,B,C and D. Choose the word or phrase that is closest in m eaning to the underlined one. Mark the corresponding letter with a single bar across the squa re brackets on your m achine-scored answer Sheet.
21. Studies on cats have helped illuminate som e of the abilities of our mysterious housemates.
A. lighten B. obscu re C. exp lain D. cherish
22. The application of renew ab le sou rces of energy can be optimized through sophisticated analytics.
A. conventional B. expensive C. exhaustive D. advanced
23. Lung cancer is the UK’s biggest cancer killer,claiming more than 35,000 lives a year.
A. saving B. taking C. demanding D. p roducing
24. This girl has acquired an intense desire to study m edicine in order to become a clinical doctor.
A. strong B. sharp C. shrewd D. sh rinking
25. World peace requires that the UN resolutions have to be carried out in a strict manner.
A. behavior B. fashion C. aspect D. politeness
26. The governm en t of China has been backing up the resum p tion of the six-party talk on DPRK.
A. relocating B. condemning C. supporting D. pledging
27. Some stereotypes of the Chinese persist in the United States because of the large num ber of negative reports.
A. endure B. vanish C. insist D. deteriorate
28. Most of the third-year students in our laboratory are occupied with experim ents.
A. are bored with B. are crazy about
C. are busy with D. are casual about
29. The girl spoke at length about her experiences as a volunteer teacher at a high school in Yunnan Province.
A. at random B. in detail C. at last D. for sure
30. After the marathon race,some athletes are too fatigued to answer the reporter’s questions.
A. wiped out B. figu red out C. laid out D. worn out
Section B (0.5 point each)
Directions: There are 10 questions in this section. Each question is a sentence with something missing. Below each sentence are four words or phrases m a rked A,B, C and D. Choose one word or phrase that best com pletes the sen tence. Mark the corresponding letter with a single bar across the squa re brackets on your m achinescored answer Sheet.
31. Treatm ents that ____ the immune system have shown great promise against some forms of cancer.
A. p roceed B. erode C. harness D. precede
32. A year ago there were slightly more ____ than jobseekers,but now there are twice as many openings.
A. vacuum s B. vacancies C. vacations D. vocations
33. Dogs seem to experience separation anxiety,w hich also ind icates that they feel ________to their owners.
A. hostility B. objection C. reliance D. attachment
34. Previous research has shown that there are immediate ____ benefits from eating chocolate.
A. cognitive B. imaginative C. creative D. competitive
35. A discovery in to the genetic makeup of tumors may deliver therapies that are ________to individual patients.
A. entitled B. affiliated C. tailored D. obliged
36. A major obstacle ____ English learning is the profound in fluence of the mother tongue.
A. for B. on C. to D. over
37. As the vote will be ____ in favor of the Dem ocratic Party,Hillary Clinton is getting near to the p residency.
A. deliberately B. overwhelm ingly C. conscien tiously D. crudely
38. It takes courageto ____ all the opposition to the decision to have these corrupt officials arrested.
A. break down B. turn down C. let down D. shut down
39. One choice has to ____ another when you are making a decision as to which collegeto attend.
A. be orien ted to B. be indulged in
C. be coupled with D. be weighed against
40. This company is constantly looking for ways to improve services ＿＿＿＿ different customers.
A. on behalf of B. in case of C. by means of D. with aview to
PART Ⅲ
CLOZE TEST (10 minutes,10 points,1 point each)
D irections: There are 10 questions in this pa rt of the test. Read the passagethrough. Then,go back and choose one suitable word or phrase m a rked A,B,C,or D for each blank in the passage. Ma rk the co rrespond ing letter of the word or phrase you have chosen with a single bar across the squa re brackets on your m achine-scored answer Sheet.
Free schools are flou rish ing in the UK. More than 400 free schools have either opened or been app roved to open across England41. These schools have been m ade possib le by the hund reds of teachers,paren ts and charities w orking in their own time to go th rough a42 app lication p rocess to b ring their 43 of a new school to life.44 these schools proving so popu lar,parents and groups con tinue to com e forw ard in significan t num bers to set them up. The governm en t’s comm itm ent to expand the program with ano ther new 500 schools is45 a logical next step.
Im po rtan tly these schools are already m aking a(n)46 to the education of thousands of pupils around the coun try. Over 70% of those inspected have been judged good or ou tstand ing by inspectors,and47 they are being opened where they are m ost needed. There are far more free schools in48 local comm unities than in wealthy neighbo rhoods. Obviously free schools can play a role in49 the current shortage of school p laces. For free schools to continue to have the biggest impact,they must be allowed to bring in new ideas and challenge existing schools in areas where low50 have been accep ted for far too long.
41.A. by far B. so far C. in turn D. at first
42.A. rigorous B. prosperous C. hazardous D. populous
43.A. myth B. attitude C. access D. vision
44.A. For B. With C. Am ong D. Despite
45.A. in many ways B. on one hand C. by no m eans D. at one time
46.A. sacrifice B. im pression C. in fluence D. difference
47.A. undesirably B. substan tially C. critically D. no to riously
48.A. convicted B. deprived C. deserted D. invaded
49.A. add ressing B. enhancing C. in tegrating D. in tending
50.A. incomes B. spirits C. standards D. prices
PART Ⅳ
READING COMPREHENSION (45 minutes,30 points,1 point each)
Directions: In this part of the test,there are five short passages. Read each passage ca refu lly,and then do the questions that follow. Choose the best answer from the four choices given and m ark the corresponding letter with a single ba r across the squa re brackets on your m achine-scored answer Sheet.
Passage One
The death of Haram be,the endangered low land gorilla（大猩猩）shot at the Cincinnati Zoo after a 4-year-o ld craw led th rough a barrier and fell in to h is enclosu re,was a shocking event. After such a tragedy,it seems som eone must be blam ed,but fingers are pointed in the w rong d irection.
Many in the anim al protection comm un ity suggest that Haram be wasn’t a threat to the boy. Gorillas tend not to be aggressive,and if Haram be w anted to hurt the child,he could have done so immed iately,not after playing with this curious creatu re for 10 minutes.
Did the gorilla care staff do enough to separate Haram be from the child? If they could lu re the fem ale go rillas aw ay,why not Haram be? Som e activists are calling the killing of Harambe an act of cow ard ice by incom peten t zoo em p loyees. Others are arguing that the boy’s mother is to blam e. How could she let her child fall into a wild-anim al en closu re? How long d id she let her child w ander unsupervised before he go t th rough the barriers? Som e peop le suggest that she be deem ed legally negligen t and charged with causing the death of an endangered anim al.
for m e,the real question is not w ho to b lam e,but why anyone w as in a situation in which they had to m ake a choice between the life of a human child and the life of an endangered teenage gorilla. Keep ing wild anim als in cap tivity is detrim en tal to their health. Th is tragic choice arose only because we keep an im als in zoos. So why have zoos?
One of the reasons often given is that zoos p rotect endangered wild anim als. A few zoos,includ ing the Cin cinnati Zoo,do fund conservation efforts that are p raiseworthy,but cap tive anim als,especially large mamm als born in cap tivity,like Haram be,canno t be “returned to the wild.” These sensitive,smart,long-lived gorillas are destined to rem ain confined,never to experience the freedom of the wild. They are,at best,sym bo ls meant to represent their wild coun terparts. Zoos distortour understanding of these wonderfu l beings and perpetuate the no tion that they are here for ou r purposes.
If we really need som eone to blam e,m aybe we shou ld look at ou r society,which supports these types of institutions of cap tivity. If zoos w ere more like shelters where cap tive anim als are treated with respect,free from scream ing crowds and external dangers,no one wou ld have had to decide to kill Haram be. Kids could see gorillas in cinem as,where their cu riosity could be safely satisfied.
51. Many of the animal conservationists believe that Haram be_________.
A. shou ld have lived in the wild
B. posed a threat to the boy’s life
C. shou ld not have been killed
D. was not interested in this boy
52. Paragraph Three is m ain ly concerned with_________.
A. who is responsible for this tragedy
B. the serious consequence of this event
C. how to prevent such a tragic event
D. the evidence related to this event
53. The au thor of this passage is_________keep ing anim als in zoos.
A. in favor of
B. in terested in
C. hesitan t about
D. opposed to
54. In Paragraph Five,the author is trying to_________.
A. exp lain the im portance of zoos
B. describe difficu lties facing zoos
C. argue against the usefu lness of zoos
D. outline the future development of zoos
55. According to this passage,anim als living in the wild_________.
A. are less healthy than those in zoos
B. live better than their zoo coun terparts
C. shou ld be relocated to nearby zoos
D. su ffer from interactions with humans
56. This passage is intended to argue that_________is to blame for this tragedy.
A. the mother of the boy
B. the care staff of this gorilla
C. the gorilla shot at the zoo
D. the establishm ent of zoos
Passage Two
Ju lie Lythcott-Haim s noticed a distu rbing trend du ring her decade as the form er dean of freshm enat Stan ford Un iversity. Incoming studen ts w ere b rillian t and accom p lished and virtually flaw less,on paper. but with each year,more of them seemed incapable of taking care of them selves.
At the same time,paren ts w ere becom ing increasingly invo lved in their child ren’s lives. They talked to their children m ultip le times a day and rushed in to personally in tervene whenever something difficult happened.
Lythco tt-Haim scame to believe that parents in wealthy commun ities have been hindering their child ren by trying so hard to pro tect the child ren fromany disappoin tmen t,failure and hardship. Such “over-help ing” m igh t assist child ren in develop ing im p ressive résumés for college app lications,but it also dep rives them of the chance to learn who they are,what they love and how to navigate the world,she argues in her book.
“We w an t so bad ly to help them by shepherd ing them from m ilestone to m ilestone and by shield ing them from failure and pain. but over-help ing is devastating,” she writes. “It can leave young adu lts without the strengths of skill,will and character that are needed to know them selves and to craft a life.”
“Don’t call meaparenting expert,” she said in an in terview. “I’m interested in humans’ th riving,and it turns out that over-parenting is getting in the w ay.”
She cites statistics on the rise of dep ression and o ther m en tal health p roblem s among the young peop le. She has seen the effects up close: she lives in a comm unity that,follow ing a string of suicides in the past year,has undertaken a period of soulsearching about what parents can do to stem the pressure that young peop le face.
Her book tour is taking her to more school aud ito rium s and paren t groups than bookstores. She tells sto ries about over-involvem en t and shares statistics about problem s in young peop le,w h ich she hopes will spark change in comm un ities where helicopter parents are m aking them selves and their child ren m iserable.
“Ou r job as a paren t is to pu t ou rselves out of a job,” she said. “We need to know that ou r child ren are ab le to get up in the m o rning and take care of them selves.”
And how can parents help their children become self-sufficient? Teach them the skills they’ll need in real life and m ake su re they practice those skills on their own. And have them do chores. “Chores build a sense of accoun tability. They build life skills and a work ethic,” she said.
57. According to this passage,many studen ts failed to take care of them selves _________.
A. because of excessive school assignments
B. due to low IQ and lim ited book know ledge
C. for lack of skills needed in real life
D. for lack of care and love from parents
58. Over-help ing can possibly help children to ___.
A. grow up more quickly
B. en ter better colleges
C. take care of them selves
D. face up to failure or agony
59. The underlined word “devastating” in Paragraph Four probably means________.
A. harmful B. indispensable C. non-existent D. beneficial
60. Which of the follow ing is NOT true about Lythcott-Haim s?
A. She has given many lectures on over-involvem ent.
B. She thinks over-paren ting can drive human prosperity.
C. She believes over-involvem en t cause m en tal p roblem s.
D. She hopes to see much less helicop ter paren ting.
61. Lythcott-Haims suggests that parents do the following except_________.
A. ask children to do chores
B. give children more freedom
C. quit jobs and stay at home
D. teach children life skills
62. This passage aims to explain_________.
A. why helicop ter paren ting is ruining children
B. which is the best approach to paren ting children
C. what children can learn from successfu l parents
D. how over-involvement can benefit children
Passage Three
Team s have become the basic building — blocks of organizations. Recruitmen t ad s rou tinely call for “team players”. Business schools grade their studen ts in part on their performance in group p rojects. O ffice managers knock down walls to encou rageteam-bu ild ing. Num erous com pan ies were either in the middle of restructu ring or about to em bark on it,and restructu ring m ean t pu tting more em phasis on teams.
Com panies are abandoning functional silos and o rganizing em p loyees in to cross-d iscip linary team s that focus on particular p roducts,p roblem s or custom ers,with more pow er to run their own affairs and more time to work with each other rather than reporting upw ards. A network of team s is rep lacing the conven tional hierarchy.
However,team s are not always the answer — teams may provide more insight,creativity and know ledge,but teamwork m ay also lead to con fusion,delay and poor decision-making.
It is no ted that team s are hindered by problem s of coo rd ination and m otivation that erode the benefits of collaboration. High-flyers forced to work in team s m ay be undervalued and free-riders em powered. Group think may be unavoidable. Less than 10% of the supposed members agree on w ho exactly is on the team. Agreeing on its purpose is harder.
Profound changes in the workforce are m aking team s trickier to manage. Team s work best if their members have a strong common culture. This is hard to achieve when,as is now the case in many big firm s,a large proportion of staff are tem porary contractors. Teamwork improves with time: 73% of the inciden ts in a civil-aviation database occu rred on a crew’s first day of flying together.
Com panies need to think harder about managing team s to keep team s sm all and focused. A new study finds that the best way to ensu re em p loyees are “engaged”is to give them more control over where and how they do their work — which m ay m ean liberating them from having to do everything in collaboration with others.
How ever,organizations need to ask them selves w hether team s are the best tools for the job. Team-building skills are in short supp ly: Deloitte reports that only 12% of the execu tives understand the way peop le w ork together in networks and only 21% feel capable of build ing cross-functional team s. Slackly managed team s can become hotbeds of d istraction — em p loyees rou tinely com p lain that they can’t get their work done because they are forced to spend too much time in m eetings or in noisy offices. Even in the age of open-p lan offices and social networks some work is best left to the individual.
63. It can be concluded from the first paragraph that_________.
A. team players can easily en ter better colleges
B. team building will probably be short-lived
C. team-building is getting increasingly popular
D. team players are likely to be business leaders
64. Acco rding to this passage,team s are characterized by_________.
A. many functional silos
B. more efficient coordination
C. better decision-making
D. autonom y and co llaboration
65. All the follow ing statem en ts are problem s with team s except_________.
A. team membership is hard to determine
B. too many firms have a comm on culture
C. ind ividuals’ abilities are ignored
D. team build ing can be risky
66. The main idea of Paragraph Five is that_________.
A. new pilots are more prone to accidents
B. team s are cu rren tly difficu lt to manage
C. a comm on culture is shared in big firms
D. teamwork depends on tem po rary con tractors
67. The author argues in the last paragraph that_________.
A. the num ber of team s shou ld be increased
B. excellence mostly results from teamwork
C. different jobs require different teams
D. team sare not suitable for some jobs
68. This passage is p rim arily concerned with_________.
A. the con tributions of teams to companies
B. disadvantages of working in teams
C. different ways to improve teamwork
D. the reasons for the popularity of teams
Passage Four
On the surface,shopping on line seems environm entally friendly: it elim inates car trips and carbon em issions. but what about the em issions from fleets of delivery vehicles bringing orders to houses? Delivery trucks also contribute substan tially to the bu rden of PM 2.5,which is associated with many effects on human health.
Researchers recen tly condu cted a su rvey of down town New ark residen ts’shopp ing habits and p references to calcu late the quan tity of goods pu rchased on line. They also used the in form ation from delivery com pan ies about the num ber of trucks on the road and the num ber of packages per truck to determ ine how many delivery trucks are requ ired to distribute hom e shopping purchases. Finally,the researchers used transportation simulation so ftware and data from local transpo rtation au tho rities to determ ine the effect of delivery trucks on the transpo rtation network,focusing on an area of down town Newark that includes a portion of the university’s campus. They conducted sim ilar analyses in 2001,at the dawn of the online shopping era,and again in 2008.
Curiously,the 2008 data suggested that home shopping in Newark had grown by only 14.8% since 2001. That’s much less than the researchers p red icted in their earlier study. It also con trasts with data from other researchers show ing that In ternet shopping increased six-fo ld between 2001 and 2011.
This is an unexpected finding. How ever,a large p ropo rtion of their su rvey respondents w ere university studen ts,and the convenience of In ternet shopping m ay appeal more to peop le w ho are running a househo ld. Also,the researchers’latest data are from 2008,which suggests that their study underestim ates the effect of hom e shopping on the transportation network.
In any case,the researchers found that eventhough home shopping by residents of Newark grew more slow ly than an ticipated,traffic in 2008 was worse than they had p redicted,for more home shopping purchases increase travel time,traffic delays,and vehicle em issions of the transpo rtation network.
While some previous studies suggest that e-commerce is associated with lower carbon em issions than trad itional retail,other researchers have warned of a “rebound effect,” which occu rs when gains in efficiency m erely stim u late new consum ption. Som ething similar may be going on in Newark,the resu lts suggest.
“We found that the total num ber of vehicles m iles travelled hasn’t decreased at all with the growth of on line shopping,” says study leader Arde Fagh ri. “This suggests that people are using the time saved by In ternet shopping to do things like eating out at restaurants,going to the movies,or visiting friends.”
69. Acco rding to the first paragraph,the author_________.
A. doubts the environm ental friend liness of online shopping
B. believes in the benefit of on line shopping to the environment
C. insists that delivery trucks can reduce the em ission of PM 2.5
D. associates online shopping with better human health
70. The u ltim ate goal of the su rvey m en tioned in Paragraph Two was to_________.
A. trace the effects of online shopping on transportation networks
B. calcu late the total annual am oun t of goods pu rchased on line
C. determ ine the num ber and load of delivery trucks for on line purchases
D. com pare the d ifference in the data on on line shopp ing
71. The unexpected finding m entioned in Paragraph Fou r refers to the find ing that _________.
A. many of the su rvey respondents w ere university students
B. housew ives are norm ally more interested in online shopp ing
C. home shopping in New ark grew more slow ly than an ticipated
D. Internet shopping increased six-fold between 2001 and 2011
72. The researchers m ight have com e to the conclusion that_________.
A. on line shopping has decreased the em ission of greenhouse gases
B. peop le are cutting down on d riving thanks to on line shopp ing
C. the popu larity of on line shopping shou ld be discou raged
D. on line shopping fails to reduce traffic jamand carbon em issions
73. The resu lts of the su rvey by Arde Fagh ri suggest that in New ark_________.
A. a “rebound effect” is probably taking p lace
B. on line shopping is being rep laced by o ther en tertainm en ts
C. on line shopping has reduced peop le’s daily spend ing
D. superm arkets or m alls are gradually d isappearing
74. Which of the follow ing can best serve as the title of this passage?
A. Cu rren t Trends of On line Shopping
B. How Green Is Online Shopping
C. Why On line Shopp ing Is Getting Popu lar
D. Benefits of On line Shopp ing to Human Health
Passage Five
Everyone in the UK seems to agree that recorded crim e is decreasing. This is one of the argum en ts the governm en t is using to justify its savage cu ts in police budgets. All we have to do now is to get the po lice more efficien t — working sm arter,m aking better use of IT. Reduction in crim e m eans we don’t need so many police officers.
This belief is based on a false p rem ise. Recorded crim e is declining,but that’s largely due to the fact that crim e has m oved from the physical w orld to cyberspace or the In ternet: cybercrim e is much safer and more appealing. The rew ards are much greater,and the risks of being caught and convicted are vanishingly sm all. So if you’re a rational crim inal with a reasonab le IQ,why w ou ld you bother robbing peop le,breaking into houses,stealing cars and doing all the other things that oldstyle crooks do — and that o ld-style cops are good at catching them doing?
Each senior police officer believes that cybercrim e has been at alarm ing levels but none seems con fiden t that our law en forcem ent system can deal with it. These view s are supported by the experiences of the 5% of UK In ternet users w ho have been the victim s of various cybercrim e; they repo rt a variety of responses — alm ost none of them help fu l — from the local police forces to w hom they turn for help.
One good reason is that the crim inals are hard to iden tify or turn out to be operating ab road. Other reasons include bu reaucratic inertia,lack of technical know ledge and a shortage of resou rces,wh ich m eans that cybercrim e receives low er p riority than o ther,more u rgen t,responsibilities. Or sim p ly the fact that officers often don’t take it seriously.
It’s exceed ingly difficu lt to m easu re accu rately,for a variety of reasons — the spectrum of w rongdoing,the fact that much of it is under-repo rted and w idely distributed,and the high cost that includes not only the actual dam age done,but the costs of self-p ro tection and the costs of clearing up after an attack. And then there are the op po rtunity costs: for exam p le,secu rity so ftw are used by on line m erchan ts typ ically rejects 4.3% of orders out of fear of fraud,eventhough many of those poten tial o rders are in fact genuine.
The reality we face is that cybercrime is vast and flou rishing. but do not expect to hear much about it in the election. What we actually need are more policem en on the net.
75. Police budgets will be cu t down in the UK because of the belief that_________.
A. recorded crime is declining
B. the police will become more efficient
C. high-technology will be used
D. cybercrim e cases need fewer police officers
76. Paragraph Two is m ain ly concerned with_________.
A. whether recorded crime is decreasing
B. how crim inals comm it crim es online
C. what is the risk facing cybercrime
D. why cybercrim e is increasing
77. It can be concluded from Paragraph Th ree that_________.
A. no one asks the po lice for help in case of cybercrime
B. cybercrim inals have connections with the po lice
C. cybercrim e has not been effectively tack led
D. the po lice have gained experience in figh ting cybercrime
78. The rate of cybercrim e is quite high in the UK for the following reasons except _________.
A. inefficien t law en forcem en t agencies
B. fake ID cards used w idely by crim inals
C. lim ited expertise and resou rces
D. inadequate atten tion paid to cybercrim e
79. Paragraph Five im p lies that online com panies_________.
A. com pensate for customers’ loss in case of cybercrime
B. are more vulnerable to the attack by cybercrim inals
C. have paid much m oney for catching cybercrim inals
D. m ay suffer financially from the security so ftware
80. Which of the follow ing best summ arizes the main idea of this passage?
A. Good news — recorded crime is declining in the UK.
B. How high-tech is used in cybercrime.
C. These days crime doesn’t pay unless it’s done on line.
D. The im portan t ro le of the police in fighting crime.
请确认是否已在机读卡上标明A卷或B卷
PAPER TWO
译写答题注意事项
一、 本试卷（Paper Two）答案一律写在答题纸II（Answer Sheet II）上，草稿纸上的答题内容一律不予计分。
二、 中、英文尽可能做到字迹清晰，书写工整，疏密相间均匀，字体大小适当。
三、 英文作文必须逐行书写，不得隔行或跳行。
PART Ⅴ
TRANSLATION (30 minutes,20 points)
Section A (15 m inutes,10 points)
Directions: Put the follow ing pa ragraph in to Chinese. Write your Chinese version in the proper space on answer Sheet II.
At any elemen tary school in China’s m etropolises,you will find numerous kids who wear glasses. Undesirable reading habits and chronic exposure to screens not only account for the higher incidence of nearsightedness,but take a heavy toll on the w ell-being of kids. Kids who are lost in the virtual w orld are more vu lnerable to overw eigh t,whose grades are bound to su ffer. The appeal of d igital gadgets,such as cell phones or smartphones,seems so irresistible that keep ing oneself unp lugged for a single day is virtually out of the question. Wh ile we are en joying the benefits of m odern conveniences,we are also having som e basic necessities of life dep rived,includ ing peace of m ind and a robust body.
Section B (15 m inutes,10 points)
D irections: Pu t the follow ing pa ragraph in to English. Write your English version in the proper space on answer Sheet II.
尽管录取标准不同，但中国大多数研究生院的学生人数多得惊人。导师不仅鼓励学生尽量多读文献，也期望他们有自己的发现。有创新思想的人更有可能发表学术价值高的论文。不论你是决定读博还是就业，硕士学位决定你的未来。
PART Ⅵ
WRITING (30 m inutes,10 points)
Directions: For this part,you are allow ed 30 m inu tes to write a com position of no less than 150 words under the title of “An Un forgettable Experien ce in My Life”. You are advised to avoid using any stereotyped expressions or sen tences,such as “last but not the least”.