当代英语疑难问题详解
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20 习语if anything是if there is anything的省略形式,相当于副词,用作状语

问:在阅读中,我不止一次见到这样的句子:(1)The situation is, if anything, worsening rather than improving.我不知道这里的if anything是什么意思,也不知道它的用法如何,请解释!

答:固定的习惯表达法if anything是if there is anything的省略形式,相当于副词,通常用作状语,可译为“相反,恰恰相反,甚至正好相反”(used for when you are saying something that is the opposite of what you have just said),位置比较灵活,既可位于句首、句子中间,也可位于句末。例如:

(2)If anything, the destruction was greater than in 1547.(恰恰相反,这次破坏比1547年那次更为严重。)

(3)She didn’t seem upset about losing her job. If anything she seemed very happy.(她似乎并不为失去工作而苦恼,正相反,她却显得很高兴。)

你所提问的句(1)即是这种用法。其次,if anything还可译为“如果有所不同(区别)的话/要说有什么区别的话”(if there is any difference),例如:

(4)If anything, we were comparatively deficient in these respects.(如果说有所区别的话,我们在这些方面还较为欠缺。)

(5)Mr. Cave Was, if anything, more absent-minded than usual.

如果说凯夫先生有什么变化的话,那就是他比以前更漫不经心了。此外,if anything还可译为“如果有……的话”(if at all),多用于口语或非正式文体中,表示委婉客气或没有把握。例如:

(6)If anything, you ought to apologize.

(7)If anything, my concert was my personal expression of the thanks and friendship to the Chinese people and my love for the Chinese culture.

英语学习最常遇到的困难就是对习惯表达法(习语)或习惯用法的理解与运用,即使英美人有时也会产生混淆或误用的问题。因此,在日常学习过程中我们不仅应该注意基础语法、常用词汇的学习,而且应该特别注意惯用法和习语的学习,这是一个长期积累的过程。