3.美国人文景观
3.1 美国各州
华盛顿哥伦比亚特区(Washington, District of Columbia)
特区花为:美国红蔷薇(American Beauty Rose)
特区鸟为:画眉(Wood Thrush)
特区树为:红枫(Red Maple)
特区座右铭为:“对人要公平”(Justice for All)
1.马里兰州(The State of Maryland)
州花为:黑眼苏珊花(Black-eyed Susan)
州鸟为:巴尔的摩金莺(Baltimore Oriole)
州树为:白橡树(White Oak)
州歌为:马里兰,我的马里兰(Maryland, My Maryland)
州别名为:自由州/老路线州(Free State or Old Line State)
座右铭:“行为果敢,语言温和”(Manly deeds, womanly words)
2.特拉华州(The State of Delaware)
州花为:桃花(Peach Blossom)
州鸟为:蓝母鸡(Blue Hen Chicken)
州树为:冬青(American Holly)
州歌为:我们的特拉华(Our Delaware)
州别名为:蓝鸡州/第一州/钻石州(Blue Hen State/First State/Diamond State)
座右铭:“自由与独立”(Liberty and Independence)
3.宾夕法尼亚州(The State of Pennsylvania)
州花为:山桂(Mountain Laurel)
州鸟为:皱领松鸡(Ruffed Grouse)
州树为:铁杉(Hemlock)
州别名为:拱顶石州(Keystone State)
座右铭:“道德、自由和独立”(Virtue, Liberty and Independence)
4.新泽西州(The State of New Jersey)
州花为:紫罗兰(Purple Violet)
州鸟为:金翅雀(Eastern Goldfinch)
州树为:红橡树(Red Oak)
州别名为:花园州(Garden State)
座右铭:“自由与繁荣”(Liberty and Prosperity)
5.纽约州(The State of New York)
州花为:玫瑰花(Rose)
州鸟为:蓝鸟(Bluebird)
州树为:糖枫(Sugar Maple)
州歌为:我爱纽约(I Love New York)
州别名为:帝国州(Empire State)
座右铭:“更上一层楼”(Ever Upward)
6.康涅狄格州(The State of Connecticut)
州花为:山桂(Mountain Laurel)
州鸟为:美洲知更鸟(American Robin)
州树为:白橡树(White Oak)
州歌为:扬基“傻瓜”(Yankee Doodle)
州别命为:百年州(Centennial State)
座右铭:“越受挫折越强”(He who transplanted still sustains)
7.罗得岛州(The State of Rhode Island)
州花为:紫罗兰(Violet)
州鸟为:罗得岛红羽鸡(Rhode Island Red)
州树为:红枫(Red Maple)
州歌为:罗得岛(Rhode Island)
州别名为:海洋之州(Ocean State)
座右铭:“希望”(Hope)
8.马萨诸塞州(The State of Massachusetts)
州花为:五月花(Mayflower)
州鸟为:赤卡第山鸟(Chickadee)
州树为:美洲榆(American Elm)
州歌为:啊,马萨诸塞(All Hail to Massachusetts)
州别名为:老殖民地州(Old Colony State)
座右铭:“我们用武力争取和平,我们需要自由的和平”(By the sword we seek peace, but peace only under liberty)
9.佛蒙特州(The State of Vermont)
州花为:红苜蓿(Red Clover)
州鸟为:长尾巴黄鸟(Hermit Thrush)
州树为:糖枫(Sugar Maple)
州歌为:啊,佛蒙特(Hail, Vermont)
州别名为:青山州(Green Mountain State)
座右铭:“自由与联合”(Freedom and Unity)
10.缅因州(The State of Maine)
州花为:白松的松球及球上的缨(White Pine Cone and Tassel)
州鸟为:赤卡第山鸟(Chickadee)
州树为:东方白松(Eastern White Pine)
州歌为:缅因州之歌(State of Maine Song)
州别名为:松树州(Pine Tree State)
座右铭:“我领导”(I direct)
11.新罕布什尔州(The State of New Hampshire)
州花为:紫丁香(Purple Lilac)
州鸟为:紫茑(Purple Finch)
州树为:白桦(White Birch)
州歌为:老新罕布什尔(Old New Hampshire)
州别名为:大理石州(Granite State)
座右铭:“不自由毋宁死”(Live free or die)
12.弗吉尼亚州(The State of Virginia)
州花为:山茱萸(Mountain Dogwood)
州鸟为:北美红雀(Cardinal或Cardinal Red)
州树为:山茱萸(Mountain Dogwood)
州歌为:带我重回老弗吉尼亚(Carry Me Back to Old Virginia)
州别名为:老自治领/总统的母亲/骑兵州(The Old Dominion/Mother of Presidents/Cavaliers State)
座右铭:“永远打倒专制”(Thus always to tyrants)
13.西弗吉尼亚州(The State of West Virginia)
州花为:大杜鹃花(Big Rhododendron)
州鸟为:北美红雀(Cardinal)
州树为:枫树(Sugar Maple)
州歌为:西弗吉尼亚,我甜蜜的家乡(West Virginia, My Home, Sweet Home)
州别名为:山州/锅柄州(Mountain State)/Panhandle State
座右铭:“山地人自由”(Mountaineers are always free)
14.肯塔基州(The State of Kentucky)
州花为:秋麒麟草(Goldenrod)
州鸟为:北美红雀(Cardinal)
州树为:北美百合树(Tulip Popular)
州歌为:我的老肯塔基故乡(My Old Kentucky Home)
州别名为:蓝牧草州(Bluegrass State)
座右铭:“团结必胜,分裂必败”(United we stand, divided we fall)
15.北卡罗来纳州(The State of North Carolina)
州花为:山茱萸(Mountain Dogwood)
州鸟为:北美红雀(Cardinal)
州树为:松树(Pine)
州歌为:老北州(The Old North State)
州别名为:老北州(The Old North)
座右铭:“是,总比似乎是好”(To be rather than to seem)
16.田纳西州(The State of Tennessee)
州花为:蝶形花(Iris)
州鸟为:反舌鸟(Mockingbird)
州树为:白杨(Cottonwood)
州歌为:田纳西华尔兹(the Tennessee Waltz)
州别名为:自愿之州(Volunteer State)
座右铭:“农商并举”(Agriculture and commerce)
17.南卡罗来纳州(The State of South Carolina)
州花为:黄色茉莉花(Yellow Jasmine)
州鸟为:卡罗来纳鹪鹌(Carolina Wren)
州树为:矮棕榈(Palmetto)
州歌为:卡罗来纳(Carolina)
州别名为:矮棕榈州(Palmetto State)
座右铭:“做好精神和物质准备”(While I breath, I hope)
18.佐治亚州(The State of Georgia)
州花为:查拉几玫瑰花(Cherokee Rose)
州鸟为:棕色长尾莺(Brown Thrasher)
州树为:活棕树(Live Oak)
州歌为:我心中的佐治亚(Georgia on My Mind)
州别名为:南方帝国州(Empire State of the South)
座右铭:“智慧、公平、温和”(Wisdom, Justice and Moderation)
19.佛罗里达州(The State of Florida)
州花为:桔花(Orange Blossom)
州鸟为:反舌鸟(Mockingbird)
州树为:矮棕榈(Sabal Palmetto Palm)
州歌为:故乡的亲人(Old Folks at Home)
州别名为:阳光州(Sunshine State)
座右铭:“信赖上帝”(In God we trust)
20.阿拉巴马州(The State of Alabama)
州花为:山茶花(Camellia)
州鸟为:金翼啄木鸟(Yellowhammer)
州树为:杉树(Southern Pine)
州歌为:阿拉巴马(Alabama)
州别名为:黄锤州(Yellowhammer State)
座右铭:“我们敢保卫我们的权利”(We dare defend our rights)
21.路易斯安那州(The State of Louisiana)
州花为:南方木兰花(Southern Magnolia)
州鸟为:鹈鹕(Eastern Brown Pelican)
州树为:柏树(Cypress)
州歌为:给我路易斯安那(Give Me Louisiana)
州别名为:蔗糖州(Sugar State)
座右铭:“团结、公正、信心”(Union, Justice, Confidence)
22.密西西比州(The State of Mississippi)
州花为:木兰花(Magnolia)
州鸟为:反舌鸟(Mockingbird)
州树为:木兰花(Magnolia)
州歌为:前进,密西西比!(Go, Mississippi!)
州别名为:木兰州(Magnolia State)
座右铭:“靠勇敢和武器”(By valor and arms)
23.阿肯色州(The State of Arkansas)
州花为:苹果花(Apple Blossom)
州鸟为:反舌鸟(Mockingbird)
州树为:短叶松(Short-leave Pine)
州歌为:阿肯色(Arkansas)
州别名为:奇迹州(The Natural State)
座右铭:“人民管治”(The people rule)
24.伊利诺斯州(The State of Illinois)
州花为:紫罗兰(Native Violet)
州鸟为:北美红雀(Cardinal)
州树为:橡树(White Oak)
州歌为:伊利诺斯(Illinois)
州别名为:草原州(Prairie State)
座右铭:“州有主权,国家团结”(State sovereignty, national union)
25.印第安纳州(The State of Indiana)
州花为:牡丹花(Peony)
州鸟为:北美红雀(Cardinal)
州树为:北美百合树(Tulip poplar或Tulip tree)
州歌为:在遥远的沃巴什河岸上(On the Banks of the Wabash, Far away)
州别名为:傻大个州(Hoosier State)
自称为“十字路口”(Crossroads of America)
座右铭:“美国处在十字路口”(Crossroads of America)
26.密歇根州(The State of Michigan)
州花为:苹果花(Apple Blossom)
州鸟为:知更鸟(Robin)
州树为:白松(White Pine)
州歌为:密歇根,我的密歇根(Michigan, My Michigan)
州别名为:貂熊州(Wolverine State)
座右铭:“如果你找寻一个可爱的半岛,向这儿看”(If you seek a pleasant peninsula, look about you)
27.俄亥俄州(The State of Ohio)
州花为:嫩红色康乃馨(Scarlet Carnation),即红色石竹花
州鸟为:北美红雀(Cardinal)
州树为:七叶树(Buckeye)
州歌为:美丽的俄亥俄(Beautiful Ohio)
州别名为:七叶树州(Buckeye State)
座右铭:“与上帝同在,何事不可能”(With God, all things are possible)
28.威斯康星州(The State of Wisconsin)
州花为:木紫罗兰(Wood Violet)
州鸟为:知更鸟(Robin)
州树为:糖槭树(Sugar Maple)
州歌为:前进,威斯康星!(On, Wisconsin!)
州别名为:獾州(Badger State)
座右铭:“前进”(Forward)
29.明尼苏达州(The State of Minnesota)
州花为:女人拖鞋花(Pink and White Lady’s Slipper)
州鸟为:长鸣鸭(Common Loon)
州树为:红松(Red Pine)
州歌为:啊! 明尼苏达(Hail! Minnesota)
州别名为:北极星州(North Star State)
座右铭:“北方之星”(The star of the north)
30.依阿华州(The State of Iowa)
州花为:野玫瑰(Wild Rose)
州鸟为:东方金翅雀(Eastern Gold-finch)
州树为:橡树(Oak)
州歌为:依阿华之歌(State of Iowa Song)
州别名为:鹰眼州(Hawkeye State)
座右铭:“重视自由;保有权利”(Our liberties we prize, and our rights we will maintain)
31.密苏里州(The State of Missouri)
州花为:山楂花(Hawthorn)
州鸟为:蓝知更鸟(Bluebird)
州树为:山茱萸(Mountain Dogwood)
州歌为:密苏里华尔兹(Missouri Waltz)
州别名为:不见不信州(Show-Me State)
座右铭:“人民的幸福是最高的法律”(The welfare of the people shall be the supreme law)
32.北达科他州(The State of North Dakota)
州花为:草原野玫瑰(Wild Prairie Rose)
州鸟为:野云雀(Western Meadowlark)
州树为:美国榆(American Elm)
州歌为:北达科他赞歌(North Dakota Hymn)
州别名为:拉族州(Sioux State)
座右铭:“信仰自由不忘团结一致,注重眼前不忘未来利益,个人独立不忘整体如一。”(Liberty and union, now and forever, one and inseparable.)
33.南达科他州(The State of South Dakota)
州花为:白头翁花(Pasqueflower)
州鸟为:项环雏(Chinese Ring-necked Pheasant)
州树为:黑丘云杉(Black Hills Spruce)
州歌为:啊,南达科他(Hail, South Dakota)
州别名为:阳光州(Sunshine State)
座右铭:“人民管理天下”(Under God, the people rule)
34.内布拉斯加州(The State of Nebraska)
州花为:秋麒麟草(Goldenrod)
州鸟为:西部野云雀(Western Meadowlark)
州树为:白杨(Cottonwood)
州歌为:美丽的内布拉斯加(Beautiful Nebraska)
州别名为:玉米壳州(Cornhusker State)
座右铭:“法律之前人人平等”(Equality before the law)
35.堪萨斯州(The State of Kansas)
州花为:向日葵花(Native Sunflower)
州鸟为:西部野云雀(Western Meadowlark)
州树为:白杨(Cottonwood)
州歌为:山脉上的家乡(Home on the Range)
州别名为:向日葵州(Sunflower State)
座右铭:“排除万难,追求光明”(Ad Astra per Aspera, 即To the stars through difficulties)
36.蒙大拿州(The State of Montana)
州花为:青狗草(Bitterroot)
州鸟为:西部野云雀(Western Meadowlark)
州树为:西部黄松(Ponderosa Pine)
州歌为:蒙大拿(Montana)
州别名为:珍宝州(Treasure State)
座右铭:“金与银”(Oro y Plata, 即Gold and Silver)
37.怀俄明州(The State of Wyoming)
州花为:印第安人彩笔花(Wyoming Indian Paintbrush)
州鸟为:西部野云雀(Western Meadowlark)
州树为:白杨(Cottonwood)
州歌为:怀俄明(Wyoming)
州别名为:平等州(Equality State)
座右铭:“权利平等”(Equal Rights)
38.科罗拉多州(The State of Colorado)
州花为:落基山蓝耧斗花(Rocky Mountain Columbine)
州鸟为:百灵(Lark Bunting)
州树为:科罗拉多蓝云杉(Colorado Blue Spruce)
州歌为:蓝耧斗花生长的地方(Where the Columbines Grow)
州别名为:百年州(Centennial State)
座右铭:“世事皆由天意”(Nothing without Providence)
39.爱达荷州(The State of Idaho)
州花为:山梅花(Syringa)
州鸟为:蓝羽山鸟(Mountain Bluebird)
州树为:白松(White Pine)
州歌为:这里是我们的爱达荷(Here We Have Idaho)
州别名为:宝石州(Gem State)
座右铭:“永远存在”(Esto Perpetua, 即It is perceptual)
40.犹他州(The State of Utah)
州花为:杯形百合花(Sego Lily)
州鸟为:海鸥(Seagull)
州树为:云杉(Blue Spruce)
州歌为:犹他,我们热爱你(Utah, We Love Thee)
州别名为:蜂窝州(Beehive State)
座右铭:“工业”(Industry)
41.内华达州(The State of Nevada)
州花为:山艾(Sagebrush)
州鸟为:蓝羽山鸟(Mountain Bluebird)
州树为:单叶矮松(Single-leaf Pinon and Bristlecone Pine)
州歌为:家乡就是内华达(Home Means Nevada)
州别名为:山艾州(Sagebrush State)
座右铭:“一切为国家”(All for our country)
42.俄克拉荷马州(The State of Oklahoma)
州花为:槲寄生(Mistletoe)
州鸟为:铗尾鸟(Scissors-tailed Flycatcher)
州树为:紫荆(Redbud)
州歌为:俄克拉荷马!(Oklahoma!)
州别名为:抢先州(Sooner State)
座右铭:“劳动征服一切”(Labor conquers all things)
43.得克萨斯州(The State of Texas)
州花为:矢车菊(Bluebonnet)
州鸟为:反舌鸟(Mockingbird)
州树为:山胡桃(Pecan)
州歌为:得克萨斯,我们的得克萨斯(Texas, Our Texas)
州别名为:孤星州(Lone Star State)
座右铭:“友谊”(Friendship)
44.新墨西哥州(The State of New Mexico)
州花为:丝兰(Yucca)
州鸟为:长尾鸟(Roadrunner)
州树为:矮松(Pinon)
州歌为:噢,美丽的新墨西哥(O, Fair New Mexico)
州别名为:仙人掌州(Cactus State)
座右铭:“在前进中发展”(Crescit Eundo, 即It grows as it goes)
45.亚利桑那州(The State of Arizona)
州花为:萨瓜罗(Blossom of the Saguaro cactus)
州鸟为:仙人掌鹪鹩(Cactus Wren)
州树为:萨瓜罗(Saguaro)
州歌为:亚利桑那(Arizona)
州别名为:大峡谷州(Grand Canyon State)
座右铭:“上帝使州富裕”(Ditat Deus, 即God enriches)
46.华盛顿州(The State of Washington)
州花为:杜鹃花(Western Rhododendron)
州鸟为:美洲金翅雀(American Willow Goldfinch)
州树为:铁杉(Western Hemlock)
州歌为:华盛顿,我的家(Washington, My Home)
州别名为:常青州(Evergreen State)
座右铭:“不久”(Alki, 即By and By)
47.俄勒冈州(The State of Oregon)
州花为:俄勒冈葡萄(Oregon Grape)
州鸟为:西部野云雀(Western Meadowlark)
州树为:洋松(Douglas Fir)
州歌为:俄勒冈,我的俄勒冈(Oregon, My Oregon)
州别名为:河狸州(Beaver State)
座右铭:“自由飞翔”(She files with her own wings)
48.加利福尼亚州(The State of California)
州花为:金罂粟(Golden Poppy)
州鸟为:加州山谷鹑(California Valley Quail)
州树为:加州红木(California Redwood)
州歌为:我爱你,加利福尼亚(I Love You, California)
州别名为:黄金州(Golden State)
座右铭:“我已找到它”(Eureka, 即I Have Found It)
49.阿拉斯加州(The State of Alaska)
州花为:勿忘我花(Forget-Me-Not)
州鸟为:松鸡(Willow Ptarmigan)
州树为:锡特长云杉(Sitka Spruce)
州歌为:阿拉斯加旗(Alaska’s Flag)
州别名为:最后的边疆(The Last Frontier State)
座右铭:“未来的北方”(North to the Future)
50.夏威夷州(The State of Hawaii)
州花为:芙蓉花(Yellow Hibiscus)
州鸟为:夏威夷鹅(Hawaiian Goose)
州树为:蜡烛果树(Kukui or Candlenut)
州歌为:我们的夏威夷(Hawaii Ponoi)
州别名为:太平洋上的天堂(Paradise of the Pacific)
座右铭:“正义永存”(The life of the land is perpetuated in righteousness)