IV．篇章翻译
1．中译英
【原文】
很高兴和大家相聚在兰州这座美丽的黄河之都。①首先，我代表中国外交部对亚洲合作对话（ACD）丝绸之路务实合作论坛的举行表示热烈祝贺，对参加本次论坛的国内外嘉宾表示诚挚的欢迎，也请大家与我一道，以掌声对甘肃省为论坛所做的周到安排表示衷心感谢。
本次论坛的主题是亚洲合作和丝绸之路。2000多年前，中国的先人不畏艰辛，跋山涉水，在欧亚大陆及其沿海开辟了陆海两条丝绸之路。甘肃省位于陆上丝绸之路的黄金段，中国的先人曾从这里出阳关、越戈壁、赴西域，与沿线各国人民互通有无，和睦共处，留下许多脍炙人口的传说和佳话。
②丝绸之路是和平之路、友谊之路、合作之路，是沿线国家友好交往的历史见证，是亚洲国家共同的珍贵遗产和宝贵财富。当前，亚洲已成为世界发展的重要引擎，古老的大陆正迎来新的伟大复兴。中国领导人倡议亚洲国家共建“丝绸之路经济带”和“21世纪海上丝绸之路”，其要义就是弘扬丝绸之路精神，拓展亚洲区域合作，让亚洲的发展为世界的繁荣作出更大的贡献。
今天，亚洲合作对话成员代表，齐聚兰州，重拾丝绸之路精神，共促亚洲合作进程。这既是对历史的传承，也是对未来的期许，意义深远，使命崇高。
“一带一路”是中国的倡议，更是亚洲国家共同的事业。亚洲合作对话是我们推进泛亚合作的重要机制，更是我们共建“一带一路”的重要平台。我坚信，在各方共同努力下，亚洲合作对话将为“一带一路”建设增添动力，同样，“一带一路”建设也将进一步丰富亚洲合作对话的内涵，并为亚洲腾飞插上强劲的翅膀。
最后，我预祝明天的论坛圆满成功！
谢谢大家！
【译文】
It's such a delight to be with you in Lanzhou, a beautiful city on the Yellow River. ①On behalf of the Ministry of Foreign Affairs of China, let me, first of all, extend warm congratulations on the opening of the ACD Forum on Silk Road Cooperation and a hearty welcome to the Chinese and foreign guests. May I now invite you to express, with a round of applause, our sincere thanks to Gansu Province for the thoughtful arrangements.
The theme of the Forum is Asian cooperation and the Silk Road. Over two thousand years ago, the ancestors of the Chinese people traveled across mountains and rivers in defiance of difficulties and hardships to open the Silk Road, with one route spanning the Eurasian continent and the other along its coast. Gansu Province sits on the prime passage of the land route of the Silk Road. This is where our forefathers crossed the Yang Pass and started their journeys to the West Region. Along the route across the Gobi Desert, they traded and interacted with locals, leaving behind a trail of widely told stories of mutual respect, amity and harmony.
②The Silk Road, a road of peace, friendship, and cooperation, has borne witness to the friendly exchanges among the countries along the routes. It is an invaluable legacy and asset shared by all Asian countries. Asia, an ancient continent and major engine of world growth, is on its way to new, great rejuvenation. The Chinese leader has proposed building with other Asian countries the Silk Road Economic Belt and the 21st-Century Maritime Silk Road（known as the “Belt and Road”）to promote the Silk Road spirit and expand regional cooperation in Asia, so that Asia will contribute more to world prosperity through its own development.
Today, delegates of ACD members are gathered in Lanzhou to revive the Silk Road spirit and promote Asian cooperation. This is a lofty mission, a mission that builds on history and looks to the future, and will produce far-reaching impact.
The “Belt and Road” is China's initiative and, more importantly, a common cause of all Asian countries. The ACD is both a major mechanism for pushing forward pan-Asia cooperation and a significant platform for building the “Belt and Road”. I am confident that with the concerted efforts of all parties, the ACD will give a strong boost to the building of the “Belt and Road”. Likewise, the “Belt and Road”, as they progress, will also enrich the ACD and lend wings to Asia's powerful takeoff in the world.
To conclude, may I wish tomorrow's Forum a great success.
Thank you.
【译文分析】
①首先，我代表中国外交部对亚洲合作对话（ACD）丝绸之路务实合作论坛的举行表示热烈祝贺，对参加本次论坛的国内外嘉宾表示诚挚的欢迎，也请大家与我一道，以掌声对甘肃省为论坛所做的周到安排表示衷心感谢。
译文：On behalf of the Ministry of Foreign Affairs of China, let me, first of all, extend warm congratulations on the opening of the ACD Forum on Silk Road Cooperation and a hearty welcome to the Chinese and foreign guests. May I now invite you to express, with a round of applause, our sincere thanks to Gansu Province for the thoughtful arrangements.
中文的长句可以进行断句，合并，在这个句子中，“对……表示热烈祝贺，对……表示诚挚的欢迎”合并为一个句子，“extend warm congratulations on... and a hearty welcome to...”，而后面的“对……周到安排表示衷心感谢”处理成另外一个句子“May I now invite you to express, with a round of applause, our sincere thanks to...”。
②丝绸之路是和平之路、友谊之路、合作之路，是沿线国家友好交往的历史见证，是亚洲国家共同的珍贵遗产和宝贵财富。
译文：The Silk Road, a road of peace, friendship, and cooperation, has borne witness to the friendly exchanges among the countries along the routes. It is an invaluable legacy and asset shared by all Asian countries.
中文句型中常有重复之处，翻译成英语时可以省略，如此句中的“和平之路、友谊之路、合作之路”译为“a road of peace, friendship, and cooperation”，“珍贵遗产和宝贵财富”则译为“an invaluable legacy and asset”。
2．英译中
【原文】
Mr. President, Prince Philip and I are delighted to welcome you and Madame Peng to Buckingham Palace this evening.
Your visit to the United Kingdom marks a milestone in this unprecedented year of cooperation and friendship between the United Kingdom and China, as we celebrate the ties between our two countries and prepare to take them to ambitious new heights.
The United Kingdom and China have a warm and longstanding friendship. Prince Philip and I recall with great fondness our visit to China almost thirty years ago, where we were privileged to experience your country's rich history and culture, including the Great Wall, the Forbidden City and the Terracotta Warriors: all unforgettable memories of China's ancient civilization.
①Yet it was China's desire to shape a new future which captivated us most. We were struck by the energy and enthusiasm with which China's leaders were forging ahead with a new and ambitious future for the Chinese people; and ②I well recall our discussions with the late paramount leader Mr. Deng Xiaoping, who was foremost among these leaders in setting a clear direction for China with his policy of reform. It was also Mr. Deng's visionary concept of One Country Two Systems that opened the way for China's restoration of sovereignty over Hong Kong under the Sino-British Joint Declaration.
Almost thirty years later, Mr. Deng's vision has borne remarkable fruit. Rapid economic growth and development has transformed the lives of people across China and lifted hundreds of millions out of poverty: a huge and historic achievement with far-reaching positive effects on people's lives.
I was delighted that my grandson Prince William was able to witness these changes during his first visit to China earlier this year. Like myself and Prince Philip, he visited not only your great cities of Beijing and Shanghai but also the beautiful province of Yunnan, and saw at first-hand the strong connections which bind our two countries together, be they in culture, education or business.
Mr. President, the relationship between the United Kingdom and China is now truly a global partnership. We have much reason to celebrate the dynamic, growing economic relationship between our countries as well as our success in working together to address pressing international challenges.
We have, this year, marked the seventieth anniversary of the foundation of the United Nations. Today the world faces challenges which call for collaboration between the nations: conflict and terrorism; poverty and ill-health; conservation and climate change. As permanent members of the United Nations Security Council, Britain and China are stewards of the rules-based international system, and we have a responsibility to cooperate on these issues which have a direct bearing on the security and prosperity of all our peoples.
This global partnership is supported by an expanding network of links between the people of our two countries, which are essential in building mutual understanding and friendship, while we welcome the increasing numbers of Chinese tourists, students and business visitors to the United Kingdom.
Mr. President, your visit is a defining moment in this very special year for our bilateral relationship. I am confident that it will serve to highlight the sincerity and warmth of our friendship and to strengthen relations between our countries for many years to come.
Ladies and Gentlemen, I ask you to rise and drink a toast to the President and Madame Peng and to the people of China.
【译文】
主席先生，菲利普亲王和我本人非常高兴地欢迎您和您的夫人彭丽媛女士今晚来白金汉宫做客。
您对英国的访问是一个重要的里程碑，标志着今年英中两国合作和友谊达到了前所未有的高度。我们要庆祝两国之间的友好关系，并将其推向雄心勃勃的新高度。
英中两国一直保持着长久友好的关系。我和菲利普亲王经常会重温将近30年前我们那次访问中国的美好回忆。我们很荣幸能够体验贵国的丰富历史和文化，如长城、故宫和兵马俑等，中国的这些古代文明都给我们留下了难忘的回忆。
①而让我们印象最为深刻的是中国塑造崭新未来的愿望。中国领导人为带领中国人民走向一个雄心勃勃的新未来所展现的能量和热情，让我们感受颇深。②我清楚地记得我与已故重要领导人邓小平先生的会晤，邓先生高瞻远瞩地为中国的改革政策指明了方向。也正是邓小平先生“一国两制”的远见卓识，为在《中英联合声明》下的中国对香港恢复行使主权开辟了道路。
将近30年后，邓先生的愿景已取得了丰硕的成果。中国快速的经济增长和发展，改变了全体中国人民的生活，使数亿人民摆脱了贫困。这是一个巨大的历史性成就，对人们的生活产生了深远的积极影响。
我感到高兴的是，今年早些时候，我的孙儿——威廉王子——在他第一次访问中国期间能够目睹这些变化。与我和菲利普亲王一样，他不仅访问了中国的伟大城市北京和上海，而且还去了美丽的云南，亲身体验了促进我们两国关系紧密发展的诸多领域，无论是文化、教育，还是商业领域。
主席先生，英国和中国之间的关系现在是一种真正的全球伙伴关系。我们有充分的理由来庆祝两国之间活跃的、不断增长的经济关系，以及我们在共同应对紧迫的国际性挑战方面所取得的成功。
今年是联合国成立70周年。今天世界所面临的挑战需要各国之间的协作来加以应对：冲突和恐怖主义、贫困和健康不良、资源保护和气候变化。作为联合国安全理事会的常任理事国，英国和中国都是以规则为基础的国际体系的维护者，我们有责任就这些直接关系到两国人民的安全和繁荣的问题携手合作。
这一全球伙伴关系是建立在两国人民之间不断扩大的联系网络基础上的，这种联系对于构建相互理解和友谊至关重要。我们欢迎越来越多的中国游客、学生和商务访客前来英国。
主席先生，今年对于英中两国双边关系来说是非常特殊的一年，您的访问是一个决定性的时刻。我相信，这将有助于突显两国之间的真诚和温馨的友谊，加强未来两国之间的长久友好关系。
女士们，先生们，我请大家起立，共同举杯，为习近平主席和夫人彭丽媛女士的健康、为中国人民的健康与幸福，干杯。
【译文分析】
①Yet it was China's desire to shape a new future which captivated us most.
译文：而让我们印象最为深刻的是中国塑造崭新未来的愿望。
英汉属于不同语系，定语的位置虽有相同之处但也有差异，英语中定语从句后置，译成中文需要调整语序，必要时也需调整句子成分，如在此句中则把定语从句“which captivated us most”转换为主语从句“让我们印象最为深刻”，并置为句首。
②I well recall our discussions with the late paramount leader Mr. Deng Xiaoping, who was foremost among these leaders in setting a clear direction for China with his policy of reform.
译文：我清楚地记得我与已故重要领导人邓小平先生的会晤，邓先生高瞻远瞩地为中国的改革政策指明了方向。
英语中的定语从句均为后置定语，如果从句太长，翻译成中文时可以进行断句，分成两个句子，再把“who”所指代的成分“邓小平先生”重复一遍。