Word List 02
adapt / əˈdæpt / 阅
v. 使适应，顺应；改写 alter; modify
We should learn how to adapt ourselves.
analogy / əˈnælədʒi / 阅
n. 类似，相似；类推 similarity; parallelism
People tend to make an analogy between life and voyage.
ordeal / ɔːrˈdiːl / 阅
n. 苦难经历，折磨 severe trial or affliction
Speaking in public was an ordeal for me.
ferment / ˈfɜːrment /
n. 骚动，暴乱 agitation; commotion
Her parents died in the ferment.
materialism ■ / məˈtɪriəlɪzəm / 阅
n. 功利主义，物质主义 preoccupation with physical comforts and things
Sam was hardhearted, yet his feverish materialism created more jobs.
suffragist / ˈsʌfrɪdʒɪst / 阅
n. 妇女政权论者 advocate of voting rights (for women)
With the rising of Women Liberation Movement, a wave of suffragists emerged in the 1960s.
embellish ■ / ɪmˈbelɪʃ / 阅
v. 装饰，修饰 adorn; ornament
The girl put on her dress embellished with lace and ribbons.
recalcitrant / rɪˈkælsɪtrənt / 阅
adj. 顽抗的，桀骜不驯的 obstinately stubborn; determined to resist authority; unruly
The parents were annoyed by the recalcitrant attitude of their child.
penury ● / ˈpenjəri /
n. 贫穷，贫困 severe poverty; stinginess
He would have died in penury, if he had depended on his son for his living.
mischance / ˌmɪsˈtʃæns /
n. 不幸，灾难 ill luck
By mischance, he lost the file which was needed at the conference.
oblivious / əˈblɪviəs / 阅
adj. 不注意的；遗忘的 inattentive or unmindful; wholly absorbed
Deep in her book, Nancy was oblivious to the food on the fire.
clientele / ˌklaɪənˈtel / 阅
n. 顾客，常客 body of customers
The beauty parlor has a large regular clientele.
repel ■ / rɪˈpel / 阅
v. 击退；使厌恶 drive away; disgust
The singer’s flamboyant singing style attracts some people but repels others.
sovereign / ˈsɑːvrən / 阅
adj. 极有效的；至高的；独立自主的 efficacious; supreme or paramount; self-governing
The sovereign obligation of a doctor is to heal the wounded and rescue the dying.
shoddy / ˈʃɑːdi /
adj. 劣质的；廉价的 inferior; trashy; cheap
Nowadays, there is a strong protest against the evil-minded businessmen who manufacture shoddy goods.
recant ● / rɪˈkænt/ 阅
v. 撤回，放弃；撤回声明；公开认错 disclaim or disavow; retract a previous statement; openly confess error
I tried to make her recant her belief that “Money makes the mare go,” but failed.
shirk / ʃɜːrk /
v. 逃避，推卸 avoid (responsibility, work, etc.); malinger
A person with a strong sense of responsibility, he never shirks any difficult tasks.
impeach / ɪmˈpiːtʃ /
v. 弹劾，控告 charge with crime in office; indict
The mayor was impeached for taking a bribe.
aversion ■ / əˈvɜːrʒn / 阅
n. 厌恶 firm dislike
She has a natural aversion to cigarettes.
abate ● / əˈbeɪt /
v. 减少，减弱 subside; decrease; lessen
The storm showed no signs of abating.
destitute / ˈdestɪtuːt /
adj. 贫困的，赤贫的 extremely poor
A private car is a luxury to many destitute families.
magnitude / ˈmæɡnɪtuːd / 阅
n. 巨大，重大 greatness; extent
No one seems to realise the magnitude of his crime.
predetermine / ˌpriːdɪˈtɜːrmɪn / 阅
v. 预先决定，预先倾向 predestine; settle or decide beforehand; influence markedly
Harry’s obsession with gambles predetermined his failure in marriage and career.
incorporate / ɪnˈkɔːrpəreɪt /
v. 收编，加入；结合，合并 introduce something into a larger whole; combine; unite
We have incorporated your proposals into our plan.
subjugate / ˈsʌbdʒuɡeɪt / 阅
v. 使屈服，征服 conquer; bring under control
The landowners’ attempt to subjugate the local poor peasants lasted just three months.
adverse / ədˈvɜːrs / 阅
adj. 不利的，敌对的 unfavorable; hostile
I don’t know why he is always adverse to my ideas.
heckler / ˈheklər /
n. 激烈质问者 person who harasses others
The heckler expressed his complaints.
increment / ˈɪŋkrəmənt / 阅
n. 增加，增量 increase
Experts tried to explain the sudden increment in mortality rates.
ebullient ● / ɪˈbʌliənt / 阅
adj. 兴高采烈的 showing excitement; overflowing with enthusiasm
The ebullient girl can’t help dancing.
calculated ■ / ˈkælkjuleɪtɪd / 阅
adj. 有计划的；可能的 deliberately planned; likely
This type of cellphone was calculated to attract female customers.
indoctrinate / ɪnˈdɑːktrɪneɪt /
v. 以教条或信条的方式来教授，教导 instruct in a doctrine or ideology
The terrorist group indoctrinated people against the society.
stealth / stelθ / 阅
n. 秘密行动 slyness; sneakiness; secretiveness
The pickpocket followed the woman by stealth for quite a while before he stole her cellphone.
generate / ˈdʒenəreɪt / 阅
v. 产生；发生 cause; produce; create
About 90% of the electricity in this country is generated by wind.
preeminent / ˌpriˈemɪnənt / 阅
adj. 杰出的，卓越的 outstanding; superior
Moyan holds a preeminent position in China’s literary circle.
stifle / ˈstaɪfl / 阅
v. 抑制，约束 suppress; extinguish; inhibit
When the student offered a funny answer, the teacher tried hard to stifle her laughter.
connotation / ˌkɑːnəˈteɪʃn / 阅
n. 内涵 suggested or implied meaning of an expression
Chinese calligraphy has rich cultural connotation.
berserk / bərˈsɜːrk /
adj. 狂暴的 frenzied
The man went berserk when he saw his girlfriend stay with her ex-boyfriend.
matrix / ˈmeɪtrɪks /
n. 母体，发源地；矩阵；模型，模具 point of origin; array of numbers or algebraic symbols; mold or die
Most historians consider the Yellow River is the matrix of Chinese civilization.
paraphrase / ˈpærəfreɪz / 阅
v. 意译，改述 rephrase; reword
Please paraphrase the ancient Chinese prose in less than 300 words.
redress / rɪˈdres / 阅
n. 补救，补偿 remedy; compensation v. 补救，补偿 set right; remedy or rectify
The consumers insisted that the damage caused by the flight delay be redressed by the airline company.
spatial / ˈspeɪʃl / 阅
adj. 空间的 relating to space
The professor conducted some research on Hainan culture and wrote an article entitled “Spatial Distribution of Hainan Culture”.
lament ■ / ləˈment / 阅
v. 为…悲痛，痛惜 grieve; express sorrow
People lament the death of the great artist.
extant / ekˈstænt / 阅
adj. 尚存的，现存的 still in existence
This is the oldest extant building in the city.
perpetual / pərˈpetʃuəl / 阅
adj. 不间断的，持续的 everlasting
He was sick of his wife’s perpetual nagging.
conspiracy / kənˈspɪrəsi / 阅
n. 阴谋 treacherous plot
He was involved in the conspiracy.
annul / əˈnʌl /
v. 废除，取消 make void
It is surprising to us that the young couple annulled their marriage.
utopia / juːˈtoʊpiə / 阅
n. 乌托邦，理想的完美境界 ideal place, state, or society
She was entering the masses with the phantom of a future utopia.
flourish / ˈflɜːrɪʃ / 阅
v. 繁荣；茂盛；装饰 grow well; prosper; decorate with ornaments
Wheat flourish in good care of the farmers.
compliance ■ / kəmˈplaɪəns / 阅
n. 顺从，服从 readiness to yield; conformity in fulfilling requirements
The foreign companies must keep in compliance with the regulations.
inert ■ / ɪˈnɜːrt /
adj. 惰性的；迟钝的，迟缓的 inactive; lacking power to move
He lay completely inert on the floor.
forebear / ˈfɔːrber / 阅
n. 祖先，祖宗 ancestors
I heard our forebears came from the West.
restitution / ˌrestɪˈtuːʃn /
n. 归还；赔偿；修复 reparation; indemnification
The airline company promised to make restitution for the loss caused by the air crash.
frantic / ˈfræntɪk /
adj. 狂乱的，疯狂的 wild
The work has driven me frantic.
aggrandize / əˈɡrændaɪz / 阅
v. 增强，扩大 increase or intensify
That country sought to aggrandize itself at the expense of its neighbors.
forthright / ˈfɔːrθraɪt / 阅
adj. 直率的；坦诚的 outspoken, straightforward; frank
He criticized the government’s new policy in forthright words.
prelude / ˈpreljuːd / 阅
n. 前奏；先驱 introduction; forerunner
These contracts could be a prelude to further cooperation of the two companies.
immutable ■ / ɪˈmjuːtəbl / 阅
adj. 不可变的，永恒的 unchangeable
Death is one of the nature’s immutable laws.
upshot / ˈʌpʃɑːt /
n. 结果，结局 outcome
The practical upshot of this research is hard to see at the moment.
multifaceted / ˌmʌltiˈfæsɪtɪd / 阅
adj. 多层面的 having many aspects
Tina is a multifaceted performer.
pariah ● / pəˈraɪə / 阅
n. 社会的遗弃者 social outcast
Mariah Carey was once referred to as “Mariah the fashion pariah”.
tantamount ● / ˈtæntəmaʊnt / 阅
adj. （在效果或价值上）与…相当的 equivalent in effect or value
Her confession was tantamount to refusal of his proposal.
labyrinth ● / ˈlæbərɪnθ /
n. 迷宫 maze
Becky soon lost herself in the labyrinth of corridors.
appease ■ / əˈpiːz / 阅
v. 平息，安抚 pacify or soothe; relieve
Julie managed to appease the crying child by offering him some candies.
doctrinaire / ˌdɑːktrəˈner / 阅
adj. 教条主义的；不屈的，不让步的 unable to compromise about points of doctrine; dogmatic; unyielding
He was a doctrinaire preacher and no one wanted to follow him.
belligerent / bəˈlɪdʒərənt / 阅
adj. 好争吵的 quarrelsome
His belligerent attitude resulted in the fight.
somber ■ / ˈsɑːmbər / 阅
adj. 忧郁的，郁闷的；昏暗的，阴暗的 gloomy; depressing; dark; drab
He was sad, and his thought about future was very somber.
divulge / daɪˈvʌldʒ / 阅
v. 泄露 reveal
He divulged a confidential report to the enemy.
bungle / ˈbʌŋɡl / 阅
v. 搞糟；笨手笨脚地做 mismanage; blunder
The boss scolded him, for he had bungled the job.
premise / ˈpremɪs / 阅
n. 预述，假定 assumption; postulate
His whole argument in the thesis was based on a false premise.
render / ˈrendər / 阅
v. 呈递；给予；表现 deliver; provide; represent
The new president promises that he will render faithful service to his people.
automaton / ɔːˈtɑːmətən /
n. 机器人；机械般行动的人或动物 robot; person performing a task mechanically
The assembly-line workers are laboring like automatons.
illuminate / ɪˈluːmɪneɪt / 阅
v. 照亮；阐明；启发 brighten; clear up or make understandable; enlighten
She was greatly illuminated by his speech.
disabuse / ˌdɪsəˈbjuːz /
v. 去除…的谬误，使醒悟 correct a false impression; undeceive
I must disabuse you of your feelings of superior.
craftiness / ˈkræftinəs / 阅
n. 狡猾 slyness; trickiness
He displayed his craftiness in this transaction.
assent / əˈsent / 阅
v. 赞成 agree; accept
The ambassador cannot assent to your request.
exotic / ɪɡˈzɑːtɪk / 阅
adj. 异国情调的；奇异的 not native; strange
The restaurant is popular because of its exotic environment.
extrapolation / ɪkˌstræpəˈleɪʃn / 阅
n. 推断，推知 projection; conjecture
He uncovered a case of robbery through judgment and extrapolation.
salutary / ˈsæljəteri / 阅
adj. 有益的 tending to improve; beneficial; wholesome
The salutary side about this tragic accident is that drivers will attach great importance to fastening seat belts.
anomaly ● / əˈnɑːməli / 阅
n. 异常，不符合规律 irregularity
The snow in summer must be a kind of anomaly in this region.
delusion / dɪˈluːʒn / 阅
n. 错觉，幻觉 false belief; hallucination
How come I am always under the delusion that I may fail?
mock / mɑːk / 阅
v. 嘲弄，以模仿的方式嘲笑 ridicule; imitate, often in derision
It is unkind to mock the disabled people.
reconnaissance / rɪˈkɑːnɪsns /
n. 侦察，勘察 survey of enemy by soldiers; reconnoitering
The helicopter is making an aerial reconnaissance of the island.
transitory / ˈtrænsətɔːri / 阅
adj. 转瞬即逝的，短暂的 impermanent; fleeting
As was expected, his love affair with the popular actress was transitory.
accessory / əkˈsesəri /
n. 附件，附属物，配饰 additional object; useful but not essential thing
Many car owners like to hang accessories in the car.
pellucid / pəˈluːsɪd / 阅
adj. 透明的，清澈的；易懂的 transparent; limpid; easy to understand
The professor gave us a pellucid explanation for the obscure poem.
lucid / ˈluːsɪd / 阅
adj. 浅显易懂的，明晰的 easily understood; clear; intelligible
Her explanations of technical terms were lucid and to the point.
delude / dɪˈluːd / 阅
v. 欺骗，迷惑 deceive
You won’t delude him into believing it.
dismantle / dɪsˈmæntl / 阅
v. 拆开，解散 take apart
The smart boy dismantled the machine into pieces.
depravity ■ / dɪˈprævəti / 阅
n. 堕落，道德败坏 extreme corruption; wickedness
Enjoying life does not mean depravity and indulgence.
manipulate / məˈnɪpjuleɪt / 阅
v. 熟练地操作；巧妙地处理 operate with one’s hands; control or play upon (people, forces, etc.) artfully
Madonna understands how to manipulate entertainment correspondents and publicity.
tangible / ˈtændʒəbl / 阅
adj. 可触知的；真实的 able to be touched; real; palpable
What civilians want most is tangible benefits provided by the government.
rapport / ræˈpɔːr / 阅
n. 彼此友爱的关系，和谐 emotional closeness; harmony
I developed a close rapport with my mother-in-law by taking the middle course to solve conflicts in most cases.
influx / ˈɪnflʌks /
n. 流入 flowing into
The government was not prepared for the large influx of tourists last winter.
eclipse / ɪˈklɪps / 阅
v. 遮住…的光；盖过；使相形见绌 darken; extinguish; surpass
He is eclipsed by his wife’s cleverness.
gist / dʒɪst / 阅
n. 要点，主旨 essence
You need to get the gist of the report.
unequivocal / ˌʌnɪˈkwɪvəkl / 阅
adj. 明确的，不含糊的 plain; obvious; unmistakable
No investigation has provided unequivocal evidence to the case.
mandatory / ˈmændətɔːri /
adj. 命令的，强制的 obligatory; compulsory
The mandatory retirement age is 60 for most males in China.
persevere / ˌpɜːrsəˈvɪr / 阅
v. 坚持不懈，锲而不舍 persist; endure; strive
Children today seem less willing to rise to challenges and persevere in triumphing over adversity.
stalemate / ˈsteɪlmeɪt / 阅
n. 僵局 deadlock
The political negotiations between the two countries have reached a stalemate and a war seems to be the only solution.
nefarious ● / nɪˈferiəs / 阅
adj. 邪恶的，穷凶极恶的 very wicked
My parents believe the stranger has a nefarious purpose.