第59章 CHAPTER II(1)

CLAUDE FROLLO.

In fact， Claude Frollo was no common person.

He belonged to one of those middle-class families which were called indifferently， in the impertinent language of the last century， the high ~bourgeoise~ or the petty nobility. This family had inherited from the brothers Paclet the fief of Tirechappe， which was dependent upon the Bishop of Paris， and whose twenty-one houses had been in the thirteenth century the object of so many suits before the official. As possessor of this fief， Claude Frollo was one of the twenty-seven seigneurs keeping claim to a manor in fee in Paris and its suburbs； and for a long time， his name was to be seen inscribed in this quality， between the H？tel de Tancarville， belonging to Master Fran？ois Le Rez， and the college of Tours， in the records deposited at Saint Martin des Champs.

Claude Frollo had been destined from infancy， by his parents， to the ecclesiastical profession. He had been taught to read in Latin； he had been trained to keep his eyes on the ground and to speak low. While still a child， his father had cloistered him in the college of Torchi in the University.

There it was that he had grown up， on the missal and the lexicon.

Moreover， he was a sad， grave， serious child， who studied ardently， and learned quickly； he never uttered a loud cry in recreation hour， mixed but little in the bacchanals of the Rue du Fouarre， did not know what it was to ~dare alapas et capillos laniare~， and had cut no figure in that revolt of 1463， which the annalists register gravely， under the title of "The sixth trouble of the University." He seldom rallied the poor students of Montaigu on the ~cappettes~ from which they derived their name， or the bursars of the college of Dormans on their shaved tonsure， and their surtout parti-colored of bluish-green， blue， and violet cloth， ~azurini coloris et bruni~， as says the charter of the Cardinal des Quatre-Couronnes.

On the other hand， he was assiduous at the great and the small schools of the Rue Saint Jean de Beauvais. The first pupil whom the Abbé de Saint Pierre de Val， at the moment of beginning his reading on canon law， always perceived， glued to a pillar of the school Saint-Vendregesile， opposite his rostrum， was Claude Frollo， armed with his horn ink-bottle， biting his pen， scribbling on his threadbare knee， and， in winter， blowing on his fingers. The first auditor whom Messire Miles d'Isliers， doctor in decretals， saw arrive every Monday morning， all breathless， at the opening of the gates of the school of the Chef-Saint-Denis， was Claude Frollo. Thus， at sixteen years of age， the young clerk might have held his own， in mystical theology， against a father of the church； in canonical theology， against a father of the councils； in scholastic theology， against a doctor of Sorbonne.

Theology conquered， he had plunged into decretals. From the "Master of Sentences，" he had passed to the "Capitularies of Charlemagne；" and he had devoured in succession， in his appetite for science， decretals upon decretals， those of Theodore， Bishop of Hispalus； those of Bouchard， Bishop of Worms； those of Yves， Bishop of Chartres； next the decretal of Gratian， which succeeded the capitularies of Charlemagne；then the collection of Gregory IX.； then the Epistle of ~Superspecula~， of Honorius III. He rendered clear and familiar to himself that vast and tumultuous period of civil law and canon law in conflict and at strife with each other， in the chaos of the Middle Ages，--a period which Bishop Theodore opens in 618， and which Pope Gregory closes in 1227.

Decretals digested， he flung himself upon medicine， on the liberal arts. He studied the science of herbs， the science of unguents； he became an expert in fevers and in contusions， in sprains and abcesses. Jacques d' Espars would have received him as a physician； Richard Hellain， as a surgeon.

He also passed through all the degrees of licentiate， master， and doctor of arts. He studied the languages， Latin， Greek， Hebrew， a triple sanctuary then very little frequented. His was a veritable fever for acquiring and hoarding， in the matter of science. At the age of eighteen， he had made his way through the four faculties； it seemed to the young man that life had but one sole object： learning.

It was towards this epoch， that the excessive heat of the summer of 1466 caused that grand outburst of the plague which carried off more than forty thousand souls in the vicomty of Paris， and among others， as Jean de Troyes states， "Master Arnoul， astrologer to the king， who was a very fine man， both wise and pleasant." The rumor spread in the University that the Rue Tirechappe was especially devastated by the malady. It was there that Claude's parents resided， in the midst of their fief. The young scholar rushed in great alarm to the paternal mansion. When he entered it， he found that both father and mother had died on the preceding day.

A very young brother of his， who was in swaddling clothes， was still alive and crying abandoned in his cradle. This was all that remained to Claude of his family； the young man took the child under his arm and went off in a pensive mood.

Up to that moment， he had lived only in science； he now began to live in life.

This catastrophe was a crisis in Claude's existence.