第30章 Food and Life 饮食男女(2)
通常，当你受邀在别人家吃饭时，吃主人给你的东西而不是要求其他的会被认为更礼貌，当然除非主人提供了其他选择。
Most Americans eat breakfast and lunch quickly unless it is a social， business， or family occasion。
大部分的美国人都会随意而快速地吃早餐和午餐，除了社交、生意和家庭场合。
Two of the most popular American foods are hot dogs and hamburgers。 You will find these available at almost all “fast food” restaurants。
两种最流行的美国食物是热狗和汉堡。你几乎能在所有的“快餐”餐厅发现它们。
A hot dog is usually made either from beef or pork， or a combination of the two， but a hamburger is beef。
热狗通常不是用牛肉就用猪肉来做，或者猪牛肉混在一起合制，不过汉堡面包用的是牛肉。
American eat almost everything with a fork， and it appears that holding a knife in one’s right hand longer than a few seconds is considered to be against good table manners。
美国人几乎吃什么都用叉子，如果用右手握叉超过几秒会被认为是不好的餐桌礼仪。
A survey of American school children was taken and 96 percent identified McDonalds， which has had a big impact on are economy making sure of who they are。
一项调查美国学校儿童的研究发现，96％的孩子都认同麦当劳，这在人群的自我定义中产生了很大影响。
Let’s Talk！
开始交流吧！
Li Lei： American food includes a lot of vegetable and meat。 And they almost eat bread every meal。
李雷： 美国食物含有很多蔬菜和肉类，而且他们几乎每餐都有面包。
Lucy： Yes， Americans usually have these things in their meals。
露西：是的，美国人的三餐通常包含这些东西。
Li Lei： What do you think is the strength of the structure of American food？
李雷：你认为美国食物结构的优点是什么？
Lucy： American pay a lot of attention to the nutrition such as the amount of protein， vitamins， calories contained in their food。
露西：美国人很重视食物里的营养，还重视每餐能摄取多少蛋白质、维他命和热量等等。
Li Lei： Nutrition is important for sure， but they seem to ignore the taste。
李雷：营养是很重要，但他们好像不是很重视味道。
Lucy： Now American food is getting increasingly rich， and learns the different ways of cooking from other countries such as China。
露西：现在美国食物也越来越丰富了，借鉴了像中国一些国家的烹调方法。
Li Lei： There is a Chinese saying ： “Hunger breeds， food to taste first。”
李雷：中国有句俗语：“民以食为天，食以味为先”。
Lucy： Americans hold a different view。
露西：美国人可不这样认为。
Li Lei： That is true。 For American， food is used to satisfy the hunger， so they eat large piece of meat and chicken， while Chinese food is designed for taste。
李雷：的确，美国人认为菜肴是充饥的，所以专吃大块肉，整块鸡等， 中国的菜肴是“吃味”的。
Lucy： But Americans believe their nutrition matching is more reasonable than Chinese’s。
露西：但是，美国人认为他们的营养搭配比中国更合理。
Li Lei： Do you also think so？
李雷：你也这样认为吗？
Lucy： I think it is possible。 As you can see， Americans are generally stronger and taller than Chinese people because of better nutrition。
露西：我觉得可能。你看美国人的营养良好，所以他们的身体普遍比中国人健壮高大。
Li Lei： This may be because of the geographical factors。
李雷：这也可能是地理原因。
Lucy： Possibly。
露西：也有可能。
British Daily Meals
英国人的一日三餐
英国盛产绅士，英国人更以下午四时喝茶闻名天下。我们知道英国人一向以保守、严肃和注重礼节为特征。相对于美国人来说， 他们的饮食更讲究形式和营养搭配， 口味也比较清淡。早餐时， 英国人也有饮一杯浓红茶的习惯。最典型的英国晚餐包括“一肉两菜”， 即一份肉类菜和两种煮过的蔬菜。英国人的一日三餐到底怎么吃，吃什么，让我们一起来了解吧。
Realize British Daily Meals
认识英国人的三餐
1认识英国人的三餐
The writer Somerset Maugham1 observed that one could eat very well in England， simply by having breakfast—three times a day。 Although the great English home cooked breakfast a feast of bacon， eggs， sausages， grilled tomatoes， mushrooms， kidneys， kippers， and so on—has given way to a belief that instant coffee and cornflakes must be healthier， it is still available all day and night at motorway service stations。
Roast beef， lamb or pork with vegetables and roast potatoes are still the nation’s favorite choice for “a proper meal”。 Potatoes form an important constituent of the main meal of the day。 The average person gets through 100 kilos of them every year。 Much of these are in the form of crispy snacks and， of course， chips with fish， burgers， and other fried foods or just on their own with salt and vinegar。
Most people wouldn’t consider a meal finished unless they had a pudding—steamed jam roll， apple pie， treacle pudding， strawberry tart。 The unwary should take care with “Yorkshire” and “black” puddings。 The first is eaten with roast beef， and the second a blood sausage。
In spite of their tastes becoming more sophisticated， the English still treasure the sandwich。 They were once content with no more than a cheese and chutney filling， but these days the sandwich can contain anything from smoked salmon and cream cheese to chicken。
As the interest in foreign food has grown， so have the choices。 The supremacy of French and Italian fare is now challenged by others—Thai， Chinese， Mexican， Spanish， Russian， and American。 There are even restaurants specializing in English food。 One highly successful example in London calls itself “School Dinners” 。There tired and overwrought businessmen can enjoy such old fashioned fare as bread and butter pudding， all served by well－developed girls wearing school uniforms。
2英式早午晚餐食物的表达方式
（1）Breakfast早餐
Generally speaking the British breakfast is much bigger than in most other countries。 Many people like to have a fried breakfast which can consist of fried bacon and eggs with fried bread and possibly fried tomatoes or black pudding。 Of course not everybody wants to eat a lot early in the morning and many people prefer to just eat toast and marmalade with tea or coffee。 Cereals are also very popular。 The most common is cornflakes。
fried bacon油炸熏肉
fried bread煎面包
black pudding黑香肠
toast and marmalade橘子酱面包
Cereal麦片
cornflakes玉米片
（2）Lunch午餐
If you go to Britain to study English and you stay with a family you will almost certainly be given a “packed lunch” for your midday meal。 A packed lunch normally consists of some sandwiches， a packet of crisps， an apple and a can of something to drink， for example， coca－cola。 The contents are kept in a plastic container and you take it with you when you go to school or work。 The quality of the packed lunch can vary from terrible to very good； it all depends on who makes it。
packed lunch盒装午餐
sandwiches三明治
crisps 薯片或炸土豆片
（3）Dinner 晚餐